Import fatfs R0.15

[z180-stamp.git] / fatfs / source / ff.c

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/  FatFs - Generic FAT Filesystem Module  R0.15 w/patch1                      /
/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/
/ Copyright (C) 2022, ChaN, all right reserved.
/
/ FatFs module is an open source software. Redistribution and use of FatFs in
/ source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided
/ that the following condition is met:
/
/ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
/    this condition and the following disclaimer.
/
/ This software is provided by the copyright holder and contributors "AS IS"
/ and any warranties related to this software are DISCLAIMED.
/ The copyright owner or contributors be NOT LIABLE for any damages caused
/ by use of this software.
/
/----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/


#include <string.h>
#include "ff.h"                 /* Declarations of FatFs API */
#include "diskio.h"             /* Declarations of device I/O functions */


/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Definitions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if FF_DEFINED != 80286 /* Revision ID */
#error Wrong include file (ff.h).
#endif


/* Limits and boundaries */
#define MAX_DIR         0x200000                /* Max size of FAT directory */
#define MAX_DIR_EX      0x10000000              /* Max size of exFAT directory */
#define MAX_FAT12       0xFF5                   /* Max FAT12 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT16       0xFFF5                  /* Max FAT16 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT32       0x0FFFFFF5              /* Max FAT32 clusters (not specified, practical limit) */
#define MAX_EXFAT       0x7FFFFFFD              /* Max exFAT clusters (differs from specs, implementation limit) */


/* Character code support macros */
#define IsUpper(c)              ((c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'Z')
#define IsLower(c)              ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'z')
#define IsDigit(c)              ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
#define IsSeparator(c)  ((c) == '/' || (c) == '\\')
#define IsTerminator(c) ((UINT)(c) < (FF_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!'))
#define IsSurrogate(c)  ((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)
#define IsSurrogateH(c) ((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDBFF)
#define IsSurrogateL(c) ((c) >= 0xDC00 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)


/* Additional file access control and file status flags for internal use */
#define FA_SEEKEND      0x20    /* Seek to end of the file on file open */
#define FA_MODIFIED     0x40    /* File has been modified */
#define FA_DIRTY        0x80    /* FIL.buf[] needs to be written-back */


/* Additional file attribute bits for internal use */
#define AM_VOL          0x08    /* Volume label */
#define AM_LFN          0x0F    /* LFN entry */
#define AM_MASK         0x3F    /* Mask of defined bits in FAT */
#define AM_MASKX        0x37    /* Mask of defined bits in exFAT */


/* Name status flags in fn[11] */
#define NSFLAG          11              /* Index of the name status byte */
#define NS_LOSS         0x01    /* Out of 8.3 format */
#define NS_LFN          0x02    /* Force to create LFN entry */
#define NS_LAST         0x04    /* Last segment */
#define NS_BODY         0x08    /* Lower case flag (body) */
#define NS_EXT          0x10    /* Lower case flag (ext) */
#define NS_DOT          0x20    /* Dot entry */
#define NS_NOLFN        0x40    /* Do not find LFN */
#define NS_NONAME       0x80    /* Not followed */


/* exFAT directory entry types */
#define ET_BITMAP       0x81    /* Allocation bitmap */
#define ET_UPCASE       0x82    /* Up-case table */
#define ET_VLABEL       0x83    /* Volume label */
#define ET_FILEDIR      0x85    /* File and directory */
#define ET_STREAM       0xC0    /* Stream extension */
#define ET_FILENAME     0xC1    /* Name extension */


/* FatFs refers the FAT structure as simple byte array instead of structure member
/ because the C structure is not binary compatible between different platforms */

#define BS_JmpBoot                      0               /* x86 jump instruction (3-byte) */
#define BS_OEMName                      3               /* OEM name (8-byte) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSec          11              /* Sector size [byte] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerClus          13              /* Cluster size [sector] (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdSecCnt          14              /* Size of reserved area [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumFATs                     16              /* Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RootEntCnt          17              /* Size of root directory area for FAT [entry] (WORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec16            19              /* Volume size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_Media                       21              /* Media descriptor byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_FATSz16                     22              /* FAT size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerTrk           24              /* Number of sectors per track for int13h [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumHeads            26              /* Number of heads for int13h (WORD) */
#define BPB_HiddSec                     28              /* Volume offset from top of the drive (DWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec32            32              /* Volume size (32-bit) [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum                       36              /* Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres                        37              /* WindowsNT error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig                      38              /* Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID                        39              /* Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab                       43              /* Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType           54              /* Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode                     62              /* Boot code (448-byte) */
#define BS_55AA                         510             /* Signature word (WORD) */

#define BPB_FATSz32                     36              /* FAT32: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_ExtFlags32          40              /* FAT32: Extended flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_FSVer32                     42              /* FAT32: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_RootClus32          44              /* FAT32: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSInfo32            48              /* FAT32: Offset of FSINFO sector (WORD) */
#define BPB_BkBootSec32         50              /* FAT32: Offset of backup boot sector (WORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum32                     64              /* FAT32: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres32                      65              /* FAT32: Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig32            66              /* FAT32: Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID32                      67              /* FAT32: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab32                     71              /* FAT32: Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType32         82              /* FAT32: Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode32           90              /* FAT32: Boot code (420-byte) */

#define BPB_ZeroedEx            11              /* exFAT: MBZ field (53-byte) */
#define BPB_VolOfsEx            64              /* exFAT: Volume offset from top of the drive [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSecEx            72              /* exFAT: Volume size [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_FatOfsEx            80              /* exFAT: FAT offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FatSzEx                     84              /* exFAT: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_DataOfsEx           88              /* exFAT: Data offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_NumClusEx           92              /* exFAT: Number of clusters (DWORD) */
#define BPB_RootClusEx          96              /* exFAT: Root directory start cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_VolIDEx                     100             /* exFAT: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSVerEx                     104             /* exFAT: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_VolFlagEx           106             /* exFAT: Volume flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSecEx        108             /* exFAT: Log2 of sector size in unit of byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_SecPerClusEx        109             /* exFAT: Log2 of cluster size in unit of sector (BYTE) */
#define BPB_NumFATsEx           110             /* exFAT: Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_DrvNumEx            111             /* exFAT: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BPB_PercInUseEx         112             /* exFAT: Percent in use (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdEx                      113             /* exFAT: Reserved (7-byte) */
#define BS_BootCodeEx           120             /* exFAT: Boot code (390-byte) */

#define DIR_Name                        0               /* Short file name (11-byte) */
#define DIR_Attr                        11              /* Attribute (BYTE) */
#define DIR_NTres                       12              /* Lower case flag (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime10           13              /* Created time sub-second (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime                     14              /* Created time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_LstAccDate          18              /* Last accessed date (WORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusHI           20              /* Higher 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_ModTime                     22              /* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusLO           26              /* Lower 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_FileSize            28              /* File size (DWORD) */
#define LDIR_Ord                        0               /* LFN: LFN order and LLE flag (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Attr                       11              /* LFN: LFN attribute (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Type                       12              /* LFN: Entry type (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Chksum                     13              /* LFN: Checksum of the SFN (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_FstClusLO          26              /* LFN: MBZ field (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Type                       0               /* exFAT: Type of exFAT directory entry (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumLabel           1               /* exFAT: Number of volume label characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_Label                      2               /* exFAT: Volume label (11-WORD) */
#define XDIR_CaseSum            4               /* exFAT: Sum of case conversion table (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_NumSec                     1               /* exFAT: Number of secondary entries (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_SetSum                     2               /* exFAT: Sum of the set of directory entries (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Attr                       4               /* exFAT: File attribute (WORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime            8               /* exFAT: Created time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_ModTime            12              /* exFAT: Modified time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_AccTime            16              /* exFAT: Last accessed time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime10          20              /* exFAT: Created time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTime10          21              /* exFAT: Modified time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_CrtTZ                      22              /* exFAT: Created timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTZ                      23              /* exFAT: Modified timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_AccTZ                      24              /* exFAT: Last accessed timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_GenFlags           33              /* exFAT: General secondary flags (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumName            35              /* exFAT: Number of file name characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NameHash           36              /* exFAT: Hash of file name (WORD) */
#define XDIR_ValidFileSize      40              /* exFAT: Valid file size (QWORD) */
#define XDIR_FstClus            52              /* exFAT: First cluster of the file data (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_FileSize           56              /* exFAT: File/Directory size (QWORD) */

#define SZDIRE                          32              /* Size of a directory entry */
#define DDEM                            0xE5    /* Deleted directory entry mark set to DIR_Name[0] */
#define RDDEM                           0x05    /* Replacement of the character collides with DDEM */
#define LLEF                            0x40    /* Last long entry flag in LDIR_Ord */

#define FSI_LeadSig                     0               /* FAT32 FSI: Leading signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_StrucSig            484             /* FAT32 FSI: Structure signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Free_Count          488             /* FAT32 FSI: Number of free clusters (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Nxt_Free            492             /* FAT32 FSI: Last allocated cluster (DWORD) */

#define MBR_Table                       446             /* MBR: Offset of partition table in the MBR */
#define SZ_PTE                          16              /* MBR: Size of a partition table entry */
#define PTE_Boot                        0               /* MBR PTE: Boot indicator */
#define PTE_StHead                      1               /* MBR PTE: Start head */
#define PTE_StSec                       2               /* MBR PTE: Start sector */
#define PTE_StCyl                       3               /* MBR PTE: Start cylinder */
#define PTE_System                      4               /* MBR PTE: System ID */
#define PTE_EdHead                      5               /* MBR PTE: End head */
#define PTE_EdSec                       6               /* MBR PTE: End sector */
#define PTE_EdCyl                       7               /* MBR PTE: End cylinder */
#define PTE_StLba                       8               /* MBR PTE: Start in LBA */
#define PTE_SizLba                      12              /* MBR PTE: Size in LBA */

#define GPTH_Sign                       0               /* GPT HDR: Signature (8-byte) */
#define GPTH_Rev                        8               /* GPT HDR: Revision (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Size                       12              /* GPT HDR: Header size (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Bcc                        16              /* GPT HDR: Header BCC (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_CurLba                     24              /* GPT HDR: This header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_BakLba                     32              /* GPT HDR: Another header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_FstLba                     40              /* GPT HDR: First LBA for partition data (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_LstLba                     48              /* GPT HDR: Last LBA for partition data (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_DskGuid            56              /* GPT HDR: Disk GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTH_PtOfs                      72              /* GPT HDR: Partition table LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtNum                      80              /* GPT HDR: Number of table entries (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PteSize            84              /* GPT HDR: Size of table entry (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtBcc                      88              /* GPT HDR: Partition table BCC (DWORD) */
#define SZ_GPTE                         128             /* GPT PTE: Size of partition table entry */
#define GPTE_PtGuid                     0               /* GPT PTE: Partition type GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_UpGuid                     16              /* GPT PTE: Partition unique GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_FstLba                     32              /* GPT PTE: First LBA of partition (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_LstLba                     40              /* GPT PTE: Last LBA of partition (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Flags                      48              /* GPT PTE: Partition flags (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Name                       56              /* GPT PTE: Partition name */


/* Post process on fatal error in the file operations */
#define ABORT(fs, res)          { fp->err = (BYTE)(res); LEAVE_FF(fs, res); }


/* Re-entrancy related */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
#error Static LFN work area cannot be used in thread-safe configuration
#endif
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)       { unlock_volume(fs, res); return res; }
#else
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)       return res
#endif


/* Definitions of logical drive - physical location conversion */
#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
#define LD2PD(vol) VolToPart[vol].pd    /* Get physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) VolToPart[vol].pt    /* Get partition number (0:auto search, 1..:forced partition number) */
#else
#define LD2PD(vol) (BYTE)(vol)  /* Each logical drive is associated with the same physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) 0                    /* Auto partition search */
#endif


/* Definitions of sector size */
#if (FF_MAX_SS < FF_MIN_SS) || (FF_MAX_SS != 512 && FF_MAX_SS != 1024 && FF_MAX_SS != 2048 && FF_MAX_SS != 4096) || (FF_MIN_SS != 512 && FF_MIN_SS != 1024 && FF_MIN_SS != 2048 && FF_MIN_SS != 4096)
#error Wrong sector size configuration
#endif
#if FF_MAX_SS == FF_MIN_SS
#define SS(fs)  ((UINT)FF_MAX_SS)       /* Fixed sector size */
#else
#define SS(fs)  ((fs)->ssize)   /* Variable sector size */
#endif


/* Timestamp */
#if FF_FS_NORTC == 1
#if FF_NORTC_YEAR < 1980 || FF_NORTC_YEAR > 2107 || FF_NORTC_MON < 1 || FF_NORTC_MON > 12 || FF_NORTC_MDAY < 1 || FF_NORTC_MDAY > 31
#error Invalid FF_FS_NORTC settings
#endif
#define GET_FATTIME()   ((DWORD)(FF_NORTC_YEAR - 1980) << 25 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MON << 21 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MDAY << 16)
#else
#define GET_FATTIME()   get_fattime()
#endif


/* File lock controls */
#if FF_FS_LOCK
#if FF_FS_READONLY
#error FF_FS_LOCK must be 0 at read-only configuration
#endif
typedef struct {
        FATFS* fs;              /* Object ID 1, volume (NULL:blank entry) */
        DWORD clu;              /* Object ID 2, containing directory (0:root) */
        DWORD ofs;              /* Object ID 3, offset in the directory */
        UINT ctr;               /* Object open counter, 0:none, 0x01..0xFF:read mode open count, 0x100:write mode */
} FILESEM;
#endif


/* SBCS up-case tables (\x80-\xFF) */
#define TBL_CT437  {0x80,0x9A,0x45,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT720  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT737  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x92,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87, \
                                        0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0xAA,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0x97,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xE4,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF5,0xF0,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT771  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDC,0xDE,0xDE, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT775  {0x80,0x9A,0x91,0xA0,0x8E,0x95,0x8F,0x80,0xAD,0xED,0x8A,0x8A,0xA1,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0xA0,0xA1,0xE0,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xA5,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE3,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT850  {0x43,0x55,0x45,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x41,0x41, \
                                        0x45,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x4F,0x55,0x4F,0x9C,0x4F,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0x41,0x41,0x41,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0x41,0x41,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD1,0xD1,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0x49,0xDF, \
                                        0x4F,0xE1,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x59,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT852  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xDE,0x8F,0x80,0x9D,0xD3,0x8A,0x8A,0xD7,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x91,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9E,0xAC, \
                                        0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA4,0xA4,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA8,0xAA,0x8D,0xAC,0xB8,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBD,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC6,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD2,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xB7,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE3,0xD5,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE9,0xE8,0xEB,0xED,0xED,0xDD,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xEB,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT855  {0x81,0x81,0x83,0x83,0x85,0x85,0x87,0x87,0x89,0x89,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8D,0x8F,0x8F, \
                                        0x91,0x91,0x93,0x93,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x99,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9D,0x9F,0x9F, \
                                        0xA1,0xA1,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA5,0xA7,0xA7,0xA9,0xA9,0xAB,0xAB,0xAD,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB6,0xB6,0xB8,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBE,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD1,0xD1,0xD3,0xD3,0xD5,0xD5,0xD7,0xD7,0xDD,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xE0,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE2,0xE2,0xE4,0xE4,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEC,0xEC,0xEE,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT857  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xB7,0x8F,0x80,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD8,0xD7,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0xE3,0xEA,0xEB,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9E, \
                                        0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0x49,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xDE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT860  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x8F,0x8E,0x91,0x86,0x80,0x89,0x89,0x92,0x8B,0x8C,0x98,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x92,0x8C,0x99,0xA9,0x96,0x9D,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0x86,0x8B,0x9F,0x96,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT861  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x8D,0x55,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT862  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT863  {0x43,0x55,0x45,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x86,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x8D,0x41,0x8F, \
                                        0x45,0x45,0x45,0x4F,0x45,0x49,0x55,0x55,0x98,0x4F,0x55,0x9B,0x9C,0x55,0x55,0x9F, \
                                        0xA0,0xA1,0x4F,0x55,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0x49,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT864  {0x80,0x9A,0x45,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT865  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT866  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                                        0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT869  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                                        0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x86,0x9C,0x8D,0x8F,0x90, \
                                        0x91,0x90,0x92,0x95,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                                        0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                                        0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                                        0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xA7,0xA8,0xDF, \
                                        0xA9,0xAA,0xAC,0xAD,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xCF,0xCF,0xD0,0xEF, \
                                        0xF0,0xF1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xF5,0xD4,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xD5,0x96,0x95,0x98,0xFE,0xFF}


/* DBCS code range |----- 1st byte -----|  |----------- 2nd byte -----------| */
/*                  <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>  */
#define TBL_DC932 {0x81, 0x9F, 0xE0, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00}
#define TBL_DC936 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00}
#define TBL_DC949 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x5A, 0x61, 0x7A, 0x81, 0xFE}
#define TBL_DC950 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0xA1, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00}


/* Macros for table definitions */
#define MERGE_2STR(a, b) a ## b
#define MKCVTBL(hd, cp) MERGE_2STR(hd, cp)




/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Work Area

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remark: Variables defined here without initial value shall be guaranteed
/  zero/null at start-up. If not, the linker option or start-up routine is
/  not compliance with C standard. */

/*--------------------------------*/
/* File/Volume controls           */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_VOLUMES < 1 || FF_VOLUMES > 10
#error Wrong FF_VOLUMES setting
#endif
static FATFS *FatFs[FF_VOLUMES];        /* Pointer to the filesystem objects (logical drives) */
static WORD Fsid;                                       /* Filesystem mount ID */

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
static BYTE CurrVol;                            /* Current drive set by f_chdrive() */
#endif

#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
static FILESEM Files[FF_FS_LOCK];       /* Open object lock semaphores */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
static BYTE SysLock;                            /* System lock flag (0:no mutex, 1:unlocked, 2:locked) */
#endif
#endif

#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
#ifdef FF_VOLUME_STRS
static const char *const VolumeStr[FF_VOLUMES] = {FF_VOLUME_STRS};      /* Pre-defined volume ID */
#endif
#endif

#if FF_LBA64
#if FF_MIN_GPT > 0x100000000
#error Wrong FF_MIN_GPT setting
#endif
static const BYTE GUID_MS_Basic[16] = {0xA2,0xA0,0xD0,0xEB,0xE5,0xB9,0x33,0x44,0x87,0xC0,0x68,0xB6,0xB7,0x26,0x99,0xC7};
#endif



/*--------------------------------*/
/* LFN/Directory working buffer   */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_USE_LFN == 0             /* Non-LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#error LFN must be enabled when enable exFAT
#endif
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#else                                   /* LFN configurations */
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 12 || FF_MAX_LFN > 255
#error Wrong setting of FF_MAX_LFN
#endif
#if FF_LFN_BUF < FF_SFN_BUF || FF_SFN_BUF < 12
#error Wrong setting of FF_LFN_BUF or FF_SFN_BUF
#endif
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE < 0 || FF_LFN_UNICODE > 3
#error Wrong setting of FF_LFN_UNICODE
#endif
static const BYTE LfnOfs[] = {1,3,5,7,9,14,16,18,20,22,24,28,30};       /* FAT: Offset of LFN characters in the directory entry */
#define MAXDIRB(nc)     ((nc + 44U) / 15 * SZDIRE)      /* exFAT: Size of directory entry block scratchpad buffer needed for the name length */

#if FF_USE_LFN == 1             /* LFN enabled with static working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static BYTE     DirBuf[MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)];    /* Directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#endif
static WCHAR LfnBuf[FF_MAX_LFN + 1];            /* LFN working buffer */
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#elif FF_USE_LFN == 2   /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the stack */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF              WCHAR lbuf[FF_MAX_LFN+1]; BYTE dbuf[MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)];       /* LFN working buffer and directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) { (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; (fs)->dirbuf = dbuf; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF              WCHAR lbuf[FF_MAX_LFN+1];       /* LFN working buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) { (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#endif
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#elif FF_USE_LFN == 3   /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the heap */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF              WCHAR *lfn;     /* Pointer to LFN working buffer and directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) { lfn = ff_memalloc((FF_MAX_LFN+1)*2 + MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)); if (!lfn) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn; (fs)->dirbuf = (BYTE*)(lfn+FF_MAX_LFN+1); }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()   ff_memfree(lfn)
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF              WCHAR *lfn;     /* Pointer to LFN working buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) { lfn = ff_memalloc((FF_MAX_LFN+1)*2); if (!lfn) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()   ff_memfree(lfn)
#endif
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) { if (!work) ff_memfree(buf); return res; }
#define MAX_MALLOC      0x8000  /* Must be >=FF_MAX_SS */

#else
#error Wrong setting of FF_USE_LFN

#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN == 1 */
#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN == 0 */



/*--------------------------------*/
/* Code conversion tables         */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0   /* Run-time code page configuration */
#define CODEPAGE CodePage
static WORD CodePage;   /* Current code page */
static const BYTE* ExCvt;       /* Ptr to SBCS up-case table Ct???[] (null:not used) */
static const BYTE* DbcTbl;      /* Ptr to DBCS code range table Dc???[] (null:not used) */

static const BYTE Ct437[] = TBL_CT437;
static const BYTE Ct720[] = TBL_CT720;
static const BYTE Ct737[] = TBL_CT737;
static const BYTE Ct771[] = TBL_CT771;
static const BYTE Ct775[] = TBL_CT775;
static const BYTE Ct850[] = TBL_CT850;
static const BYTE Ct852[] = TBL_CT852;
static const BYTE Ct855[] = TBL_CT855;
static const BYTE Ct857[] = TBL_CT857;
static const BYTE Ct860[] = TBL_CT860;
static const BYTE Ct861[] = TBL_CT861;
static const BYTE Ct862[] = TBL_CT862;
static const BYTE Ct863[] = TBL_CT863;
static const BYTE Ct864[] = TBL_CT864;
static const BYTE Ct865[] = TBL_CT865;
static const BYTE Ct866[] = TBL_CT866;
static const BYTE Ct869[] = TBL_CT869;
static const BYTE Dc932[] = TBL_DC932;
static const BYTE Dc936[] = TBL_DC936;
static const BYTE Dc949[] = TBL_DC949;
static const BYTE Dc950[] = TBL_DC950;

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900        /* Static code page configuration (SBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE ExCvt[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_CT, FF_CODE_PAGE);

#else                                   /* Static code page configuration (DBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE DbcTbl[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_DC, FF_CODE_PAGE);

#endif




/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Functions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/


/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load/Store multi-byte word in the FAT structure                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD ld_word (const BYTE* ptr)   /*       Load a 2-byte little-endian word */
{
        WORD rv;

        rv = ptr[1];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
        return rv;
}

static DWORD ld_dword (const BYTE* ptr) /* Load a 4-byte little-endian word */
{
        DWORD rv;

        rv = ptr[3];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
        return rv;
}

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static QWORD ld_qword (const BYTE* ptr) /* Load an 8-byte little-endian word */
{
        QWORD rv;

        rv = ptr[7];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[6];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[5];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[4];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[3];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
        rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
        return rv;
}
#endif

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_word (BYTE* ptr, WORD val)       /* Store a 2-byte word in little-endian */
{
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

static void st_dword (BYTE* ptr, DWORD val)     /* Store a 4-byte word in little-endian */
{
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static void st_qword (BYTE* ptr, QWORD val)     /* Store an 8-byte word in little-endian */
{
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
        *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
#endif
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* String functions                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Test if the byte is DBC 1st byte */
static int dbc_1st (BYTE c)
{
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0           /* Variable code page */
        if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
                if (c <= DbcTbl[1]) return 1;                                   /* 1st byte range 1 */
                if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3]) return 1; /* 1st byte range 2 */
        }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900       /* DBCS fixed code page */
        if (c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
                if (c <= DbcTbl[1]) return 1;
                if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3]) return 1;
        }
#else                                           /* SBCS fixed code page */
        if (c != 0) return 0;   /* Always false */
#endif
        return 0;
}


/* Test if the byte is DBC 2nd byte */
static int dbc_2nd (BYTE c)
{
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0           /* Variable code page */
        if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
                if (c <= DbcTbl[5]) return 1;                                   /* 2nd byte range 1 */
                if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7]) return 1; /* 2nd byte range 2 */
                if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9]) return 1; /* 2nd byte range 3 */
        }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900       /* DBCS fixed code page */
        if (c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
                if (c <= DbcTbl[5]) return 1;
                if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7]) return 1;
                if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9]) return 1;
        }
#else                                           /* SBCS fixed code page */
        if (c != 0) return 0;   /* Always false */
#endif
        return 0;
}


#if FF_USE_LFN

/* Get a Unicode code point from the TCHAR string in defined API encodeing */
static DWORD tchar2uni (        /* Returns a character in UTF-16 encoding (>=0x10000 on surrogate pair, 0xFFFFFFFF on decode error) */
        const TCHAR** str               /* Pointer to pointer to TCHAR string in configured encoding */
)
{
        DWORD uc;
        const TCHAR *p = *str;

#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1         /* UTF-16 input */
        WCHAR wc;

        uc = *p++;      /* Get a unit */
        if (IsSurrogate(uc)) {  /* Surrogate? */
                wc = *p++;              /* Get low surrogate */
                if (!IsSurrogateH(uc) || !IsSurrogateL(wc)) return 0xFFFFFFFF;  /* Wrong surrogate? */
                uc = uc << 16 | wc;
        }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2       /* UTF-8 input */
        BYTE b;
        int nf;

        uc = (BYTE)*p++;        /* Get an encoding unit */
        if (uc & 0x80) {        /* Multiple byte code? */
                if        ((uc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {       /* 2-byte sequence? */
                        uc &= 0x1F; nf = 1;
                } else if ((uc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {       /* 3-byte sequence? */
                        uc &= 0x0F; nf = 2;
                } else if ((uc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {       /* 4-byte sequence? */
                        uc &= 0x07; nf = 3;
                } else {                                                        /* Wrong sequence */
                        return 0xFFFFFFFF;
                }
                do {    /* Get trailing bytes */
                        b = (BYTE)*p++;
                        if ((b & 0xC0) != 0x80) return 0xFFFFFFFF;      /* Wrong sequence? */
                        uc = uc << 6 | (b & 0x3F);
                } while (--nf != 0);
                if (uc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(uc) || uc >= 0x110000) return 0xFFFFFFFF;  /* Wrong code? */
                if (uc >= 0x010000) uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF); /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */
        }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3       /* UTF-32 input */
        uc = (TCHAR)*p++;       /* Get a unit */
        if (uc >= 0x110000 || IsSurrogate(uc)) return 0xFFFFFFFF;       /* Wrong code? */
        if (uc >= 0x010000) uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF); /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */

#else           /* ANSI/OEM input */
        BYTE b;
        WCHAR wc;

        wc = (BYTE)*p++;                        /* Get a byte */
        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {        /* Is it a DBC 1st byte? */
                b = (BYTE)*p++;                 /* Get 2nd byte */
                if (!dbc_2nd(b)) return 0xFFFFFFFF;     /* Invalid code? */
                wc = (wc << 8) + b;             /* Make a DBC */
        }
        if (wc != 0) {
                wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);  /* ANSI/OEM ==> Unicode */
                if (wc == 0) return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invalid code? */
        }
        uc = wc;

#endif
        *str = p;       /* Next read pointer */
        return uc;
}


/* Store a Unicode char in defined API encoding */
static UINT put_utf (   /* Returns number of encoding units written (0:buffer overflow or wrong encoding) */
        DWORD chr,      /* UTF-16 encoded character (Surrogate pair if >=0x10000) */
        TCHAR* buf,     /* Output buffer */
        UINT szb        /* Size of the buffer */
)
{
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 /* UTF-16 output */
        WCHAR hs, wc;

        hs = (WCHAR)(chr >> 16);
        wc = (WCHAR)chr;
        if (hs == 0) {  /* Single encoding unit? */
                if (szb < 1 || IsSurrogate(wc)) return 0;       /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
                *buf = wc;
                return 1;
        }
        if (szb < 2 || !IsSurrogateH(hs) || !IsSurrogateL(wc)) return 0;        /* Buffer overflow or wrong surrogate? */
        *buf++ = hs;
        *buf++ = wc;
        return 2;

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2       /* UTF-8 output */
        DWORD hc;

        if (chr < 0x80) {       /* Single byte code? */
                if (szb < 1) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
                *buf = (TCHAR)chr;
                return 1;
        }
        if (chr < 0x800) {      /* 2-byte sequence? */
                if (szb < 2) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
                *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (chr >> 6 & 0x1F));
                *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
                return 2;
        }
        if (chr < 0x10000) {    /* 3-byte sequence? */
                if (szb < 3 || IsSurrogate(chr)) return 0;      /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
                *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (chr >> 12 & 0x0F));
                *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
                *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
                return 3;
        }
        /* 4-byte sequence */
        if (szb < 4) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
        hc = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6;    /* Get high 10 bits */
        chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;                                  /* Get low 10 bits */
        if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400) return 0;   /* Wrong surrogate? */
        chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (chr >> 18 & 0x07));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 12 & 0x3F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 4;

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3       /* UTF-32 output */
        DWORD hc;

        if (szb < 1) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
        if (chr >= 0x10000) {   /* Out of BMP? */
                hc = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6;    /* Get high 10 bits */
                chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;                                  /* Get low 10 bits */
                if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400) return 0;   /* Wrong surrogate? */
                chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
        }
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)chr;
        return 1;

#else                                           /* ANSI/OEM output */
        WCHAR wc;

        wc = ff_uni2oem(chr, CODEPAGE);
        if (wc >= 0x100) {      /* Is this a DBC? */
                if (szb < 2) return 0;
                *buf++ = (char)(wc >> 8);       /* Store DBC 1st byte */
                *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc;                     /* Store DBC 2nd byte */
                return 2;
        }
        if (wc == 0 || szb < 1) return 0;       /* Invalid char or buffer overflow? */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc;                                     /* Store the character */
        return 1;
#endif
}
#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN */


#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Request/Release grant to access the volume                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static int lock_volume (        /* 1:Ok, 0:timeout */
        FATFS* fs,                              /* Filesystem object to lock */
        int syslock                             /* System lock required */
)
{
        int rv;


#if FF_FS_LOCK
        rv = ff_mutex_take(fs->ldrv);   /* Lock the volume */
        if (rv && syslock) {                    /* System lock reqiered? */
                rv = ff_mutex_take(FF_VOLUMES); /* Lock the system */
                if (rv) {
                        SysLock = 2;                            /* System lock succeeded */
                } else {
                        ff_mutex_give(fs->ldrv);        /* Failed system lock */
                }
        }
#else
        rv = syslock ? ff_mutex_take(fs->ldrv) : ff_mutex_take(fs->ldrv);       /* Lock the volume (this is to prevent compiler warning) */
#endif
        return rv;
}


static void unlock_volume (
        FATFS* fs,              /* Filesystem object */
        FRESULT res             /* Result code to be returned */
)
{
        if (fs && res != FR_NOT_ENABLED && res != FR_INVALID_DRIVE && res != FR_TIMEOUT) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                if (SysLock == 2) {     /* Is the system locked? */
                        SysLock = 1;
                        ff_mutex_give(FF_VOLUMES);
                }
#endif
                ff_mutex_give(fs->ldrv);        /* Unlock the volume */
        }
}

#endif



#if FF_FS_LOCK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* File shareing control functions                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT chk_share (      /* Check if the file can be accessed */
        DIR* dp,                /* Directory object pointing the file to be checked */
        int acc                 /* Desired access type (0:Read mode open, 1:Write mode open, 2:Delete or rename) */
)
{
        UINT i, be;

        /* Search open object table for the object */
        be = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
                if (Files[i].fs) {      /* Existing entry */
                        if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs &&                /* Check if the object matches with an open object */
                                Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
                                Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) break;
                } else {                        /* Blank entry */
                        be = 1;
                }
        }
        if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {  /* The object has not been opened */
                return (!be && acc != 2) ? FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES : FR_OK;      /* Is there a blank entry for new object? */
        }

        /* The object was opened. Reject any open against writing file and all write mode open */
        return (acc != 0 || Files[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
}


static int enq_share (void)     /* Check if an entry is available for a new object */
{
        UINT i;

        for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;       /* Find a free entry */
        return (i == FF_FS_LOCK) ? 0 : 1;
}


static UINT inc_share ( /* Increment object open counter and returns its index (0:Internal error) */
        DIR* dp,        /* Directory object pointing the file to register or increment */
        int acc         /* Desired access (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
)
{
        UINT i;


        for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {      /* Find the object */
                if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs
                 && Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust
                 && Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) break;
        }

        if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {                  /* Not opened. Register it as new. */
                for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;       /* Find a free entry */
                if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) return 0;  /* No free entry to register (int err) */
                Files[i].fs = dp->obj.fs;
                Files[i].clu = dp->obj.sclust;
                Files[i].ofs = dp->dptr;
                Files[i].ctr = 0;
        }

        if (acc >= 1 && Files[i].ctr) return 0; /* Access violation (int err) */

        Files[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : Files[i].ctr + 1;  /* Set semaphore value */

        return i + 1;   /* Index number origin from 1 */
}


static FRESULT dec_share (      /* Decrement object open counter */
        UINT i                  /* Semaphore index (1..) */
)
{
        UINT n;
        FRESULT res;


        if (--i < FF_FS_LOCK) { /* Index number origin from 0 */
                n = Files[i].ctr;
                if (n == 0x100) n = 0;  /* If write mode open, delete the object semaphore */
                if (n > 0) n--;                 /* Decrement read mode open count */
                Files[i].ctr = n;
                if (n == 0) {                   /* Delete the object semaphore if open count becomes zero */
                        Files[i].fs = 0;        /* Free the entry <<<If this memory write operation is not in atomic, FF_FS_REENTRANT == 1 and FF_VOLUMES > 1, there is a potential error in this process >>> */
                }
                res = FR_OK;
        } else {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;               /* Invalid index number */
        }
        return res;
}


static void clear_share (       /* Clear all lock entries of the volume */
        FATFS* fs
)
{
        UINT i;

        for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
                if (Files[i].fs == fs) Files[i].fs = 0;
        }
}

#endif  /* FF_FS_LOCK */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Move/Flush disk access window in the filesystem object                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT sync_window (    /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
        FATFS* fs                       /* Filesystem object */
)
{
        FRESULT res = FR_OK;


        if (fs->wflag) {        /* Is the disk access window dirty? */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1) == RES_OK) {  /* Write it back into the volume */
                        fs->wflag = 0;  /* Clear window dirty flag */
                        if (fs->winsect - fs->fatbase < fs->fsize) {    /* Is it in the 1st FAT? */
                                if (fs->n_fats == 2) disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect + fs->fsize, 1); /* Reflect it to 2nd FAT if needed */
                        }
                } else {
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                }
        }
        return res;
}
#endif


static FRESULT move_window (    /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
        FATFS* fs,              /* Filesystem object */
        LBA_t sect              /* Sector LBA to make appearance in the fs->win[] */
)
{
        FRESULT res = FR_OK;


        if (sect != fs->winsect) {      /* Window offset changed? */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                res = sync_window(fs);          /* Flush the window */
#endif
                if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Fill sector window with new data */
                        if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fs->win, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                                sect = (LBA_t)0 - 1;    /* Invalidate window if read data is not valid */
                                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                        }
                        fs->winsect = sect;
                }
        }
        return res;
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize filesystem and data on the storage                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT sync_fs (        /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
        FATFS* fs               /* Filesystem object */
)
{
        FRESULT res;


        res = sync_window(fs);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && fs->fsi_flag == 1) {     /* FAT32: Update FSInfo sector if needed */
                        /* Create FSInfo structure */
                        memset(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win);
                        st_word(fs->win + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);                                     /* Boot signature */
                        st_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);            /* Leading signature */
                        st_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);           /* Structure signature */
                        st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count, fs->free_clst);      /* Number of free clusters */
                        st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free, fs->last_clst);        /* Last allocated culuster */
                        fs->winsect = fs->volbase + 1;                                          /* Write it into the FSInfo sector (Next to VBR) */
                        disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1);
                        fs->fsi_flag = 0;
                }
                /* Make sure that no pending write process in the lower layer */
                if (disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

        return res;
}

#endif



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get physical sector number from cluster number                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static LBA_t clst2sect (        /* !=0:Sector number, 0:Failed (invalid cluster#) */
        FATFS* fs,              /* Filesystem object */
        DWORD clst              /* Cluster# to be converted */
)
{
        clst -= 2;              /* Cluster number is origin from 2 */
        if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) return 0;         /* Is it invalid cluster number? */
        return fs->database + (LBA_t)fs->csize * clst;  /* Start sector number of the cluster */
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Read value of an FAT entry                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD get_fat (          /* 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, 1:Internal error, 2..0x7FFFFFFF:Cluster status */
        FFOBJID* obj,   /* Corresponding object */
        DWORD clst              /* Cluster number to get the value */
)
{
        UINT wc, bc;
        DWORD val;
        FATFS *fs = obj->fs;


        if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) { /* Check if in valid range */
                val = 1;        /* Internal error */

        } else {
                val = 0xFFFFFFFF;       /* Default value falls on disk error */

                switch (fs->fs_type) {
                case FS_FAT12 :
                        bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;
                        if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) break;
                        wc = fs->win[bc++ % SS(fs)];            /* Get 1st byte of the entry */
                        if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) break;
                        wc |= fs->win[bc % SS(fs)] << 8;        /* Merge 2nd byte of the entry */
                        val = (clst & 1) ? (wc >> 4) : (wc & 0xFFF);    /* Adjust bit position */
                        break;

                case FS_FAT16 :
                        if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2))) != FR_OK) break;
                        val = ld_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs));             /* Simple WORD array */
                        break;

                case FS_FAT32 :
                        if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) break;
                        val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x0FFFFFFF;       /* Simple DWORD array but mask out upper 4 bits */
                        break;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                case FS_EXFAT :
                        if ((obj->objsize != 0 && obj->sclust != 0) || obj->stat == 0) {        /* Object except root dir must have valid data length */
                                DWORD cofs = clst - obj->sclust;        /* Offset from start cluster */
                                DWORD clen = (DWORD)((LBA_t)((obj->objsize - 1) / SS(fs)) / fs->csize); /* Number of clusters - 1 */

                                if (obj->stat == 2 && cofs <= clen) {   /* Is it a contiguous chain? */
                                        val = (cofs == clen) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : clst + 1;   /* No data on the FAT, generate the value */
                                        break;
                                }
                                if (obj->stat == 3 && cofs < obj->n_cont) {     /* Is it in the 1st fragment? */
                                        val = clst + 1;         /* Generate the value */
                                        break;
                                }
                                if (obj->stat != 2) {   /* Get value from FAT if FAT chain is valid */
                                        if (obj->n_frag != 0) { /* Is it on the growing edge? */
                                                val = 0x7FFFFFFF;       /* Generate EOC */
                                        } else {
                                                if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) break;
                                                val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
                                        }
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                        val = 1;        /* Internal error */
                        break;
#endif
                default:
                        val = 1;        /* Internal error */
                }
        }

        return val;
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Change value of an FAT entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT put_fat (        /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
        FATFS* fs,              /* Corresponding filesystem object */
        DWORD clst,             /* FAT index number (cluster number) to be changed */
        DWORD val               /* New value to be set to the entry */
)
{
        UINT bc;
        BYTE *p;
        FRESULT res = FR_INT_ERR;


        if (clst >= 2 && clst < fs->n_fatent) { /* Check if in valid range */
                switch (fs->fs_type) {
                case FS_FAT12:
                        bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;  /* bc: byte offset of the entry */
                        res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        p = fs->win + bc++ % SS(fs);
                        *p = (clst & 1) ? ((*p & 0x0F) | ((BYTE)val << 4)) : (BYTE)val; /* Update 1st byte */
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        p = fs->win + bc % SS(fs);
                        *p = (clst & 1) ? (BYTE)(val >> 4) : ((*p & 0xF0) | ((BYTE)(val >> 8) & 0x0F)); /* Update 2nd byte */
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        break;

                case FS_FAT16:
                        res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2)));
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        st_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs), (WORD)val);        /* Simple WORD array */
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        break;

                case FS_FAT32:
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                case FS_EXFAT:
#endif
                        res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4)));
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
                                val = (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) | (ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0xF0000000);
                        }
                        st_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs), val);
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        break;
                }
        }
        return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */




#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Accessing FAT and Allocation Bitmap                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*--------------------------------------*/
/* Find a contiguous free cluster block */
/*--------------------------------------*/

static DWORD find_bitmap (      /* 0:Not found, 2..:Cluster block found, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error */
        FATFS* fs,      /* Filesystem object */
        DWORD clst,     /* Cluster number to scan from */
        DWORD ncl       /* Number of contiguous clusters to find (1..) */
)
{
        BYTE bm, bv;
        UINT i;
        DWORD val, scl, ctr;


        clst -= 2;      /* The first bit in the bitmap corresponds to cluster #2 */
        if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) clst = 0;
        scl = val = clst; ctr = 0;
        for (;;) {
                if (move_window(fs, fs->bitbase + val / 8 / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) return 0xFFFFFFFF;
                i = val / 8 % SS(fs); bm = 1 << (val % 8);
                do {
                        do {
                                bv = fs->win[i] & bm; bm <<= 1;         /* Get bit value */
                                if (++val >= fs->n_fatent - 2) {        /* Next cluster (with wrap-around) */
                                        val = 0; bm = 0; i = SS(fs);
                                }
                                if (bv == 0) {  /* Is it a free cluster? */
                                        if (++ctr == ncl) return scl + 2;       /* Check if run length is sufficient for required */
                                } else {
                                        scl = val; ctr = 0;             /* Encountered a cluster in-use, restart to scan */
                                }
                                if (val == clst) return 0;      /* All cluster scanned? */
                        } while (bm != 0);
                        bm = 1;
                } while (++i < SS(fs));
        }
}


/*----------------------------------------*/
/* Set/Clear a block of allocation bitmap */
/*----------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT change_bitmap (
        FATFS* fs,      /* Filesystem object */
        DWORD clst,     /* Cluster number to change from */
        DWORD ncl,      /* Number of clusters to be changed */
        int bv          /* bit value to be set (0 or 1) */
)
{
        BYTE bm;
        UINT i;
        LBA_t sect;


        clst -= 2;      /* The first bit corresponds to cluster #2 */
        sect = fs->bitbase + clst / 8 / SS(fs); /* Sector address */
        i = clst / 8 % SS(fs);                                  /* Byte offset in the sector */
        bm = 1 << (clst % 8);                                   /* Bit mask in the byte */
        for (;;) {
                if (move_window(fs, sect++) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                do {
                        do {
                                if (bv == (int)((fs->win[i] & bm) != 0)) return FR_INT_ERR;     /* Is the bit expected value? */
                                fs->win[i] ^= bm;       /* Flip the bit */
                                fs->wflag = 1;
                                if (--ncl == 0) return FR_OK;   /* All bits processed? */
                        } while (bm <<= 1);             /* Next bit */
                        bm = 1;
                } while (++i < SS(fs));         /* Next byte */
                i = 0;
        }
}


/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the first fragment of the FAT chain    */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_first_frag (
        FFOBJID* obj    /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        DWORD cl, n;


        if (obj->stat == 3) {   /* Has the object been changed 'fragmented' in this session? */
                for (cl = obj->sclust, n = obj->n_cont; n; cl++, n--) { /* Create cluster chain on the FAT */
                        res = put_fat(obj->fs, cl, cl + 1);
                        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                }
                obj->stat = 0;  /* Change status 'FAT chain is valid' */
        }
        return FR_OK;
}


/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the last fragment of the FAT chain     */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_last_frag (
        FFOBJID* obj,   /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
        DWORD lcl,              /* Last cluster of the fragment */
        DWORD term              /* Value to set the last FAT entry */
)
{
        FRESULT res;


        while (obj->n_frag > 0) {       /* Create the chain of last fragment */
                res = put_fat(obj->fs, lcl - obj->n_frag + 1, (obj->n_frag > 1) ? lcl - obj->n_frag + 2 : term);
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                obj->n_frag--;
        }
        return FR_OK;
}

#endif  /* FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Remove a cluster chain                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT remove_chain (   /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
        FFOBJID* obj,           /* Corresponding object */
        DWORD clst,                     /* Cluster to remove a chain from */
        DWORD pclst                     /* Previous cluster of clst (0 if entire chain) */
)
{
        FRESULT res = FR_OK;
        DWORD nxt;
        FATFS *fs = obj->fs;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
        DWORD scl = clst, ecl = clst;
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
        LBA_t rt[2];
#endif

        if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) return FR_INT_ERR;        /* Check if in valid range */

        /* Mark the previous cluster 'EOC' on the FAT if it exists */
        if (pclst != 0 && (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT || obj->stat != 2)) {
                res = put_fat(fs, pclst, 0xFFFFFFFF);
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        }

        /* Remove the chain */
        do {
                nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);                       /* Get cluster status */
                if (nxt == 0) break;                            /* Empty cluster? */
                if (nxt == 1) return FR_INT_ERR;        /* Internal error? */
                if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;      /* Disk error? */
                if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
                        res = put_fat(fs, clst, 0);             /* Mark the cluster 'free' on the FAT */
                        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                }
                if (fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2) { /* Update FSINFO */
                        fs->free_clst++;
                        fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
                }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
                if (ecl + 1 == nxt) {   /* Is next cluster contiguous? */
                        ecl = nxt;
                } else {                                /* End of contiguous cluster block */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, ecl - scl + 1, 0); /* Mark the cluster block 'free' on the bitmap */
                                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                        }
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
                        rt[0] = clst2sect(fs, scl);                                     /* Start of data area to be freed */
                        rt[1] = clst2sect(fs, ecl) + fs->csize - 1;     /* End of data area to be freed */
                        disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, rt);            /* Inform storage device that the data in the block may be erased */
#endif
                        scl = ecl = nxt;
                }
#endif
                clst = nxt;                                     /* Next cluster */
        } while (clst < fs->n_fatent);  /* Repeat while not the last link */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        /* Some post processes for chain status */
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                if (pclst == 0) {       /* Has the entire chain been removed? */
                        obj->stat = 0;          /* Change the chain status 'initial' */
                } else {
                        if (obj->stat == 0) {   /* Is it a fragmented chain from the beginning of this session? */
                                clst = obj->sclust;             /* Follow the chain to check if it gets contiguous */
                                while (clst != pclst) {
                                        nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);
                                        if (nxt < 2) return FR_INT_ERR;
                                        if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                                        if (nxt != clst + 1) break;     /* Not contiguous? */
                                        clst++;
                                }
                                if (clst == pclst) {    /* Has the chain got contiguous again? */
                                        obj->stat = 2;          /* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                                }
                        } else {
                                if (obj->stat == 3 && pclst >= obj->sclust && pclst <= obj->sclust + obj->n_cont) {     /* Was the chain fragmented in this session and got contiguous again? */
                                        obj->stat = 2;  /* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                                }
                        }
                }
        }
#endif
        return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Stretch a chain or Create a new chain                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD create_chain (     /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, >=2:New cluster# */
        FFOBJID* obj,           /* Corresponding object */
        DWORD clst                      /* Cluster# to stretch, 0:Create a new chain */
)
{
        DWORD cs, ncl, scl;
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs = obj->fs;


        if (clst == 0) {        /* Create a new chain */
                scl = fs->last_clst;                            /* Suggested cluster to start to find */
                if (scl == 0 || scl >= fs->n_fatent) scl = 1;
        }
        else {                          /* Stretch a chain */
                cs = get_fat(obj, clst);                        /* Check the cluster status */
                if (cs < 2) return 1;                           /* Test for insanity */
                if (cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) return cs;        /* Test for disk error */
                if (cs < fs->n_fatent) return cs;       /* It is already followed by next cluster */
                scl = clst;                                                     /* Cluster to start to find */
        }
        if (fs->free_clst == 0) return 0;               /* No free cluster */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
                ncl = find_bitmap(fs, scl, 1);                          /* Find a free cluster */
                if (ncl == 0 || ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) return ncl;  /* No free cluster or hard error? */
                res = change_bitmap(fs, ncl, 1, 1);                     /* Mark the cluster 'in use' */
                if (res == FR_INT_ERR) return 1;
                if (res == FR_DISK_ERR) return 0xFFFFFFFF;
                if (clst == 0) {                                                        /* Is it a new chain? */
                        obj->stat = 2;                                                  /* Set status 'contiguous' */
                } else {                                                                        /* It is a stretched chain */
                        if (obj->stat == 2 && ncl != scl + 1) { /* Is the chain got fragmented? */
                                obj->n_cont = scl - obj->sclust;        /* Set size of the contiguous part */
                                obj->stat = 3;                                          /* Change status 'just fragmented' */
                        }
                }
                if (obj->stat != 2) {   /* Is the file non-contiguous? */
                        if (ncl == clst + 1) {  /* Is the cluster next to previous one? */
                                obj->n_frag = obj->n_frag ? obj->n_frag + 1 : 2;        /* Increment size of last framgent */
                        } else {                                /* New fragment */
                                if (obj->n_frag == 0) obj->n_frag = 1;
                                res = fill_last_frag(obj, clst, ncl);   /* Fill last fragment on the FAT and link it to new one */
                                if (res == FR_OK) obj->n_frag = 1;
                        }
                }
        } else
#endif
        {       /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
                ncl = 0;
                if (scl == clst) {                                              /* Stretching an existing chain? */
                        ncl = scl + 1;                                          /* Test if next cluster is free */
                        if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) ncl = 2;
                        cs = get_fat(obj, ncl);                         /* Get next cluster status */
                        if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) return cs;     /* Test for error */
                        if (cs != 0) {                                          /* Not free? */
                                cs = fs->last_clst;                             /* Start at suggested cluster if it is valid */
                                if (cs >= 2 && cs < fs->n_fatent) scl = cs;
                                ncl = 0;
                        }
                }
                if (ncl == 0) { /* The new cluster cannot be contiguous and find another fragment */
                        ncl = scl;      /* Start cluster */
                        for (;;) {
                                ncl++;                                                  /* Next cluster */
                                if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) {              /* Check wrap-around */
                                        ncl = 2;
                                        if (ncl > scl) return 0;        /* No free cluster found? */
                                }
                                cs = get_fat(obj, ncl);                 /* Get the cluster status */
                                if (cs == 0) break;                             /* Found a free cluster? */
                                if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) return cs;     /* Test for error */
                                if (ncl == scl) return 0;               /* No free cluster found? */
                        }
                }
                res = put_fat(fs, ncl, 0xFFFFFFFF);             /* Mark the new cluster 'EOC' */
                if (res == FR_OK && clst != 0) {
                        res = put_fat(fs, clst, ncl);           /* Link it from the previous one if needed */
                }
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Update FSINFO if function succeeded. */
                fs->last_clst = ncl;
                if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) fs->free_clst--;
                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
        } else {
                ncl = (res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 1;    /* Failed. Generate error status */
        }

        return ncl;             /* Return new cluster number or error status */
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */




#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Convert offset into cluster with link map table        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD clmt_clust (       /* <2:Error, >=2:Cluster number */
        FIL* fp,                /* Pointer to the file object */
        FSIZE_t ofs             /* File offset to be converted to cluster# */
)
{
        DWORD cl, ncl;
        DWORD *tbl;
        FATFS *fs = fp->obj.fs;


        tbl = fp->cltbl + 1;    /* Top of CLMT */
        cl = (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs) / fs->csize); /* Cluster order from top of the file */
        for (;;) {
                ncl = *tbl++;                   /* Number of cluters in the fragment */
                if (ncl == 0) return 0; /* End of table? (error) */
                if (cl < ncl) break;    /* In this fragment? */
                cl -= ncl; tbl++;               /* Next fragment */
        }
        return cl + *tbl;       /* Return the cluster number */
}

#endif  /* FF_USE_FASTSEEK */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Fill a cluster with zeros                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT dir_clear (      /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
        FATFS *fs,              /* Filesystem object */
        DWORD clst              /* Directory table to clear */
)
{
        LBA_t sect;
        UINT n, szb;
        BYTE *ibuf;


        if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;       /* Flush disk access window */
        sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);             /* Top of the cluster */
        fs->winsect = sect;                             /* Set window to top of the cluster */
        memset(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win);     /* Clear window buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3             /* Quick table clear by using multi-secter write */
        /* Allocate a temporary buffer */
        for (szb = ((DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs) >= MAX_MALLOC) ? MAX_MALLOC : fs->csize * SS(fs), ibuf = 0; szb > SS(fs) && (ibuf = ff_memalloc(szb)) == 0; szb /= 2) ;
        if (szb > SS(fs)) {             /* Buffer allocated? */
                memset(ibuf, 0, szb);
                szb /= SS(fs);          /* Bytes -> Sectors */
                for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb) ;   /* Fill the cluster with 0 */
                ff_memfree(ibuf);
        } else
#endif
        {
                ibuf = fs->win; szb = 1;        /* Use window buffer (many single-sector writes may take a time) */
                for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb) ;   /* Fill the cluster with 0 */
        }
        return (n == fs->csize) ? FR_OK : FR_DISK_ERR;
}
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Set directory index                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_sdi (        /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
        DIR* dp,                /* Pointer to directory object */
        DWORD ofs               /* Offset of directory table */
)
{
        DWORD csz, clst;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


        if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR) || ofs % SZDIRE) {  /* Check range of offset and alignment */
                return FR_INT_ERR;
        }
        dp->dptr = ofs;                         /* Set current offset */
        clst = dp->obj.sclust;          /* Table start cluster (0:root) */
        if (clst == 0 && fs->fs_type >= FS_FAT32) {     /* Replace cluster# 0 with root cluster# */
                clst = (DWORD)fs->dirbase;
                if (FF_FS_EXFAT) dp->obj.stat = 0;      /* exFAT: Root dir has an FAT chain */
        }

        if (clst == 0) {        /* Static table (root-directory on the FAT volume) */
                if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) return FR_INT_ERR;   /* Is index out of range? */
                dp->sect = fs->dirbase;

        } else {                        /* Dynamic table (sub-directory or root-directory on the FAT32/exFAT volume) */
                csz = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);        /* Bytes per cluster */
                while (ofs >= csz) {                            /* Follow cluster chain */
                        clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, clst);                         /* Get next cluster */
                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;     /* Disk error */
                        if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) return FR_INT_ERR;        /* Reached to end of table or internal error */
                        ofs -= csz;
                }
                dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
        }
        dp->clust = clst;                                       /* Current cluster# */
        if (dp->sect == 0) return FR_INT_ERR;
        dp->sect += ofs / SS(fs);                       /* Sector# of the directory entry */
        dp->dir = fs->win + (ofs % SS(fs));     /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

        return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Move directory table index next                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_next (       /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:Could not stretch */
        DIR* dp,                                /* Pointer to the directory object */
        int stretch                             /* 0: Do not stretch table, 1: Stretch table if needed */
)
{
        DWORD ofs, clst;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


        ofs = dp->dptr + SZDIRE;        /* Next entry */
        if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR)) dp->sect = 0;      /* Disable it if the offset reached the max value */
        if (dp->sect == 0) return FR_NO_FILE;   /* Report EOT if it has been disabled */

        if (ofs % SS(fs) == 0) {        /* Sector changed? */
                dp->sect++;                             /* Next sector */

                if (dp->clust == 0) {   /* Static table */
                        if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) {    /* Report EOT if it reached end of static table */
                                dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;
                        }
                }
                else {                                  /* Dynamic table */
                        if ((ofs / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)) == 0) {    /* Cluster changed? */
                                clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, dp->clust);            /* Get next cluster */
                                if (clst <= 1) return FR_INT_ERR;                       /* Internal error */
                                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;     /* Disk error */
                                if (clst >= fs->n_fatent) {                                     /* It reached end of dynamic table */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                                        if (!stretch) {                                                         /* If no stretch, report EOT */
                                                dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;
                                        }
                                        clst = create_chain(&dp->obj, dp->clust);       /* Allocate a cluster */
                                        if (clst == 0) return FR_DENIED;                        /* No free cluster */
                                        if (clst == 1) return FR_INT_ERR;                       /* Internal error */
                                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;     /* Disk error */
                                        if (dir_clear(fs, clst) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;   /* Clean up the stretched table */
                                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT) dp->obj.stat |= 4;                     /* exFAT: The directory has been stretched */
#else
                                        if (!stretch) dp->sect = 0;                                     /* (this line is to suppress compiler warning) */
                                        dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;                        /* Report EOT */
#endif
                                }
                                dp->clust = clst;               /* Initialize data for new cluster */
                                dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
                        }
                }
        }
        dp->dptr = ofs;                                         /* Current entry */
        dp->dir = fs->win + ofs % SS(fs);       /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

        return FR_OK;
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Reserve a block of directory entries             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_alloc (      /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
        DIR* dp,                                /* Pointer to the directory object */
        UINT n_ent                              /* Number of contiguous entries to allocate */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        UINT n;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


        res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                n = 0;
                do {
                        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if ((fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? (int)((dp->dir[XDIR_Type] & 0x80) == 0) : (int)(dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0)) { /* Is the entry free? */
#else
                        if (dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0) {      /* Is the entry free? */
#endif
                                if (++n == n_ent) break;        /* Is a block of contiguous free entries found? */
                        } else {
                                n = 0;                          /* Not a free entry, restart to search */
                        }
                        res = dir_next(dp, 1);  /* Next entry with table stretch enabled */
                } while (res == FR_OK);
        }

        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_DENIED; /* No directory entry to allocate */
        return res;
}

#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT: Directory handling - Load/Store start cluster number             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD ld_clust ( /* Returns the top cluster value of the SFN entry */
        FATFS* fs,                      /* Pointer to the fs object */
        const BYTE* dir         /* Pointer to the key entry */
)
{
        DWORD cl;

        cl = ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO);
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
                cl |= (DWORD)ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI) << 16;
        }

        return cl;
}


#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_clust (
        FATFS* fs,      /* Pointer to the fs object */
        BYTE* dir,      /* Pointer to the key entry */
        DWORD cl        /* Value to be set */
)
{
        st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO, (WORD)cl);
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
                st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI, (WORD)(cl >> 16));
        }
}
#endif



#if FF_USE_LFN
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Compare a part of file name with an LFN entry */
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/

static int cmp_lfn (            /* 1:matched, 0:not matched */
        const WCHAR* lfnbuf,    /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer to be compared */
        BYTE* dir                               /* Pointer to the directory entry containing the part of LFN */
)
{
        UINT i, s;
        WCHAR wc, uc;


        if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) return 0;       /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */

        i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13;  /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

        for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) {              /* Process all characters in the entry */
                uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]);          /* Pick an LFN character */
                if (wc != 0) {
                        if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1 || ff_wtoupper(uc) != ff_wtoupper(lfnbuf[i++])) {       /* Compare it */
                                return 0;                                       /* Not matched */
                        }
                        wc = uc;
                } else {
                        if (uc != 0xFFFF) return 0;             /* Check filler */
                }
        }

        if ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF) && wc && lfnbuf[i]) return 0;        /* Last segment matched but different length */

        return 1;               /* The part of LFN matched */
}


#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Pick a part of file name from an LFN entry */
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/

static int pick_lfn (   /* 1:succeeded, 0:buffer overflow or invalid LFN entry */
        WCHAR* lfnbuf,          /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer */
        BYTE* dir                       /* Pointer to the LFN entry */
)
{
        UINT i, s;
        WCHAR wc, uc;


        if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) return 0;       /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO is 0 */

        i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & ~LLEF) - 1) * 13; /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

        for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) {              /* Process all characters in the entry */
                uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]);          /* Pick an LFN character */
                if (wc != 0) {
                        if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1) return 0;      /* Buffer overflow? */
                        lfnbuf[i++] = wc = uc;                  /* Store it */
                } else {
                        if (uc != 0xFFFF) return 0;             /* Check filler */
                }
        }

        if (dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF && wc != 0) {  /* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part and not terminated */
                if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1) return 0;      /* Buffer overflow? */
                lfnbuf[i] = 0;
        }

        return 1;               /* The part of LFN is valid */
}
#endif


#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create an entry of LFN entries */
/*-----------------------------------------*/

static void put_lfn (
        const WCHAR* lfn,       /* Pointer to the LFN */
        BYTE* dir,                      /* Pointer to the LFN entry to be created */
        BYTE ord,                       /* LFN order (1-20) */
        BYTE sum                        /* Checksum of the corresponding SFN */
)
{
        UINT i, s;
        WCHAR wc;


        dir[LDIR_Chksum] = sum;                 /* Set checksum */
        dir[LDIR_Attr] = AM_LFN;                /* Set attribute. LFN entry */
        dir[LDIR_Type] = 0;
        st_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO, 0);

        i = (ord - 1) * 13;                             /* Get offset in the LFN working buffer */
        s = wc = 0;
        do {
                if (wc != 0xFFFF) wc = lfn[i++];        /* Get an effective character */
                st_word(dir + LfnOfs[s], wc);           /* Put it */
                if (wc == 0) wc = 0xFFFF;                       /* Padding characters for following items */
        } while (++s < 13);
        if (wc == 0xFFFF || !lfn[i]) ord |= LLEF;       /* Last LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
        dir[LDIR_Ord] = ord;                    /* Set the LFN order */
}

#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN */



#if FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create a Numbered SFN                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void gen_numname (
        BYTE* dst,                      /* Pointer to the buffer to store numbered SFN */
        const BYTE* src,        /* Pointer to SFN in directory form */
        const WCHAR* lfn,       /* Pointer to LFN */
        UINT seq                        /* Sequence number */
)
{
        BYTE ns[8], c;
        UINT i, j;
        WCHAR wc;
        DWORD sreg;


        memcpy(dst, src, 11);   /* Prepare the SFN to be modified */

        if (seq > 5) {  /* In case of many collisions, generate a hash number instead of sequential number */
                sreg = seq;
                while (*lfn) {  /* Create a CRC as hash value */
                        wc = *lfn++;
                        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                                sreg = (sreg << 1) + (wc & 1);
                                wc >>= 1;
                                if (sreg & 0x10000) sreg ^= 0x11021;
                        }
                }
                seq = (UINT)sreg;
        }

        /* Make suffix (~ + hexadecimal) */
        i = 7;
        do {
                c = (BYTE)((seq % 16) + '0'); seq /= 16;
                if (c > '9') c += 7;
                ns[i--] = c;
        } while (i && seq);
        ns[i] = '~';

        /* Append the suffix to the SFN body */
        for (j = 0; j < i && dst[j] != ' '; j++) {      /* Find the offset to append */
                if (dbc_1st(dst[j])) {  /* To avoid DBC break up */
                        if (j == i - 1) break;
                        j++;
                }
        }
        do {    /* Append the suffix */
                dst[j++] = (i < 8) ? ns[i++] : ' ';
        } while (j < 8);
}
#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if FF_USE_LFN
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Calculate checksum of an SFN entry                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static BYTE sum_sfn (
        const BYTE* dir         /* Pointer to the SFN entry */
)
{
        BYTE sum = 0;
        UINT n = 11;

        do {
                sum = (sum >> 1) + (sum << 7) + *dir++;
        } while (--n);
        return sum;
}

#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN */



#if FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Checksum                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD xdir_sum (  /* Get checksum of the directoly entry block */
        const BYTE* dir         /* Directory entry block to be calculated */
)
{
        UINT i, szblk;
        WORD sum;


        szblk = (dir[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;        /* Number of bytes of the entry block */
        for (i = sum = 0; i < szblk; i++) {
                if (i == XDIR_SetSum) { /* Skip 2-byte sum field */
                        i++;
                } else {
                        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dir[i];
                }
        }
        return sum;
}



static WORD xname_sum ( /* Get check sum (to be used as hash) of the file name */
        const WCHAR* name       /* File name to be calculated */
)
{
        WCHAR chr;
        WORD sum = 0;


        while ((chr = *name++) != 0) {
                chr = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(chr);          /* File name needs to be up-case converted */
                sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr & 0xFF);
                sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr >> 8);
        }
        return sum;
}


#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
static DWORD xsum32 (   /* Returns 32-bit checksum */
        BYTE  dat,                      /* Byte to be calculated (byte-by-byte processing) */
        DWORD sum                       /* Previous sum value */
)
{
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x80000000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dat;
        return sum;
}
#endif



/*------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get a directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_xdir (      /* FR_INT_ERR: invalid entry block */
        DIR* dp                                 /* Reading directory object pointing top of the entry block to load */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        UINT i, sz_ent;
        BYTE *dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf;        /* Pointer to the on-memory directory entry block 85+C0+C1s */


        /* Load file directory entry */
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILEDIR) return FR_INT_ERR;        /* Invalid order */
        memcpy(dirb + 0 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
        sz_ent = (dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;
        if (sz_ent < 3 * SZDIRE || sz_ent > 19 * SZDIRE) return FR_INT_ERR;

        /* Load stream extension entry */
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;        /* It cannot be */
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_STREAM) return FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid order */
        memcpy(dirb + 1 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
        if (MAXDIRB(dirb[XDIR_NumName]) > sz_ent) return FR_INT_ERR;

        /* Load file name entries */
        i = 2 * SZDIRE; /* Name offset to load */
        do {
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;        /* It cannot be */
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILENAME) return FR_INT_ERR;       /* Invalid order */
                if (i < MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) memcpy(dirb + i, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
        } while ((i += SZDIRE) < sz_ent);

        /* Sanity check (do it for only accessible object) */
        if (i <= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
                if (xdir_sum(dirb) != ld_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum)) return FR_INT_ERR;
        }
        return FR_OK;
}


/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Initialize object allocation info with loaded entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void init_alloc_info (
        FATFS* fs,              /* Filesystem object */
        FFOBJID* obj    /* Object allocation information to be initialized */
)
{
        obj->sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);              /* Start cluster */
        obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);    /* Size */
        obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;                              /* Allocation status */
        obj->n_frag = 0;                                                                                /* No last fragment info */
}



#if !FF_FS_READONLY || FF_FS_RPATH != 0
/*------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Load the object's directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_obj_xdir (
        DIR* dp,                        /* Blank directory object to be used to access containing directory */
        const FFOBJID* obj      /* Object with its containing directory information */
)
{
        FRESULT res;

        /* Open object containing directory */
        dp->obj.fs = obj->fs;
        dp->obj.sclust = obj->c_scl;
        dp->obj.stat = (BYTE)obj->c_size;
        dp->obj.objsize = obj->c_size & 0xFFFFFF00;
        dp->obj.n_frag = 0;
        dp->blk_ofs = obj->c_ofs;

        res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto object's entry block */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = load_xdir(dp);            /* Load the object's entry block */
        }
        return res;
}
#endif


#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*----------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Store the directory entry block */
/*----------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT store_xdir (
        DIR* dp                         /* Pointer to the directory object */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        UINT nent;
        BYTE *dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf;        /* Pointer to the directory entry block 85+C0+C1s */

        /* Create set sum */
        st_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum, xdir_sum(dirb));
        nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;

        /* Store the directory entry block to the directory */
        res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);
        while (res == FR_OK) {
                res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                memcpy(dp->dir, dirb, SZDIRE);
                dp->obj.fs->wflag = 1;
                if (--nent == 0) break;
                dirb += SZDIRE;
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);
        }
        return (res == FR_OK || res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? res : FR_INT_ERR;
}



/*-------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Create a new directory entry block */
/*-------------------------------------------*/

static void create_xdir (
        BYTE* dirb,                     /* Pointer to the directory entry block buffer */
        const WCHAR* lfn        /* Pointer to the object name */
)
{
        UINT i;
        BYTE nc1, nlen;
        WCHAR wc;


        /* Create file-directory and stream-extension entry */
        memset(dirb, 0, 2 * SZDIRE);
        dirb[0 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_FILEDIR;
        dirb[1 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_STREAM;

        /* Create file-name entries */
        i = SZDIRE * 2; /* Top of file_name entries */
        nlen = nc1 = 0; wc = 1;
        do {
                dirb[i++] = ET_FILENAME; dirb[i++] = 0;
                do {    /* Fill name field */
                        if (wc != 0 && (wc = lfn[nlen]) != 0) nlen++;   /* Get a character if exist */
                        st_word(dirb + i, wc);  /* Store it */
                        i += 2;
                } while (i % SZDIRE != 0);
                nc1++;
        } while (lfn[nlen]);    /* Fill next entry if any char follows */

        dirb[XDIR_NumName] = nlen;              /* Set name length */
        dirb[XDIR_NumSec] = 1 + nc1;    /* Set secondary count (C0 + C1s) */
        st_word(dirb + XDIR_NameHash, xname_sum(lfn));  /* Set name hash */
}

#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif  /* FF_FS_EXFAT */



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read an object from the directory                                     */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define DIR_READ_FILE(dp) dir_read(dp, 0)
#define DIR_READ_LABEL(dp) dir_read(dp, 1)

static FRESULT dir_read (
        DIR* dp,                /* Pointer to the directory object */
        int vol                 /* Filtered by 0:file/directory or 1:volume label */
)
{
        FRESULT res = FR_NO_FILE;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
        BYTE attr, b;
#if FF_USE_LFN
        BYTE ord = 0xFF, sum = 0xFF;
#endif

        while (dp->sect) {
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                b = dp->dir[DIR_Name];  /* Test for the entry type */
                if (b == 0) {
                        res = FR_NO_FILE; break; /* Reached to end of the directory */
                }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
                        if (FF_USE_LABEL && vol) {
                                if (b == ET_VLABEL) break;      /* Volume label entry? */
                        } else {
                                if (b == ET_FILEDIR) {          /* Start of the file entry block? */
                                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Get location of the block */
                                        res = load_xdir(dp);    /* Load the entry block */
                                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                dp->obj.attr = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
                                        }
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                } else
#endif
                {       /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
                        dp->obj.attr = attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;      /* Get attribute */
#if FF_USE_LFN          /* LFN configuration */
                        if (b == DDEM || b == '.' || (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) != vol) {        /* An entry without valid data */
                                ord = 0xFF;
                        } else {
                                if (attr == AM_LFN) {   /* An LFN entry is found */
                                        if (b & LLEF) {         /* Is it start of an LFN sequence? */
                                                sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                                                b &= (BYTE)~LLEF; ord = b;
                                                dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;
                                        }
                                        /* Check LFN validity and capture it */
                                        ord = (b == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && pick_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                                } else {                                /* An SFN entry is found */
                                        if (ord != 0 || sum != sum_sfn(dp->dir)) {      /* Is there a valid LFN? */
                                                dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;       /* It has no LFN. */
                                        }
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
#else           /* Non LFN configuration */
                        if (b != DDEM && b != '.' && attr != AM_LFN && (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) == vol) {      /* Is it a valid entry? */
                                break;
                        }
#endif
                }
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);          /* Next entry */
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
        }

        if (res != FR_OK) dp->sect = 0;         /* Terminate the read operation on error or EOT */
        return res;
}

#endif  /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Find an object in the directory                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_find (       /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
        DIR* dp                                 /* Pointer to the directory object with the file name */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
        BYTE c;
#if FF_USE_LFN
        BYTE a, ord, sum;
#endif

        res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);                   /* Rewind directory object */
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
                BYTE nc;
                UINT di, ni;
                WORD hash = xname_sum(fs->lfnbuf);              /* Hash value of the name to find */

                while ((res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp)) == FR_OK) {    /* Read an item */
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 255
                        if (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] > FF_MAX_LFN) continue;            /* Skip comparison if inaccessible object name */
#endif
                        if (ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash) != hash) continue;      /* Skip comparison if hash mismatched */
                        for (nc = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName], di = SZDIRE * 2, ni = 0; nc; nc--, di += 2, ni++) { /* Compare the name */
                                if ((di % SZDIRE) == 0) di += 2;
                                if (ff_wtoupper(ld_word(fs->dirbuf + di)) != ff_wtoupper(fs->lfnbuf[ni])) break;
                        }
                        if (nc == 0 && !fs->lfnbuf[ni]) break;  /* Name matched? */
                }
                return res;
        }
#endif
        /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
#if FF_USE_LFN
        ord = sum = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;     /* Reset LFN sequence */
#endif
        do {
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                c = dp->dir[DIR_Name];
                if (c == 0) { res = FR_NO_FILE; break; }        /* Reached to end of table */
#if FF_USE_LFN          /* LFN configuration */
                dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
                if (c == DDEM || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) {       /* An entry without valid data */
                        ord = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Reset LFN sequence */
                } else {
                        if (a == AM_LFN) {                      /* An LFN entry is found */
                                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NOLFN)) {
                                        if (c & LLEF) {         /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                                                sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                                                c &= (BYTE)~LLEF; ord = c;      /* LFN start order */
                                                dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Start offset of LFN */
                                        }
                                        /* Check validity of the LFN entry and compare it with given name */
                                        ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && cmp_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                                }
                        } else {                                        /* An SFN entry is found */
                                if (ord == 0 && sum == sum_sfn(dp->dir)) break; /* LFN matched? */
                                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) && !memcmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) break; /* SFN matched? */
                                ord = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Reset LFN sequence */
                        }
                }
#else           /* Non LFN configuration */
                dp->obj.attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
                if (!(dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL) && !memcmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) break;       /* Is it a valid entry? */
#endif
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
        } while (res == FR_OK);

        return res;
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Register an object to the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_register (   /* FR_OK:succeeded, FR_DENIED:no free entry or too many SFN collision, FR_DISK_ERR:disk error */
        DIR* dp                                         /* Target directory with object name to be created */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN          /* LFN configuration */
        UINT n, len, n_ent;
        BYTE sn[12], sum;


        if (dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;      /* Check name validity */
        for (len = 0; fs->lfnbuf[len]; len++) ; /* Get lfn length */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
                n_ent = (len + 14) / 15 + 2;    /* Number of entries to allocate (85+C0+C1s) */
                res = dir_alloc(dp, n_ent);             /* Allocate directory entries */
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr - SZDIRE * (n_ent - 1);  /* Set the allocated entry block offset */

                if (dp->obj.stat & 4) {                 /* Has the directory been stretched by new allocation? */
                        dp->obj.stat &= ~4;
                        res = fill_first_frag(&dp->obj);        /* Fill the first fragment on the FAT if needed */
                        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                        res = fill_last_frag(&dp->obj, dp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* Fill the last fragment on the FAT if needed */
                        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                        if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) {              /* Is it a sub-directory? */
                                DIR dj;

                                res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj);     /* Load the object status */
                                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                                dp->obj.objsize += (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);           /* Increase the directory size by cluster size */
                                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = dp->obj.stat | 1;           /* Update the allocation status */
                                res = store_xdir(&dj);                          /* Store the object status */
                                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                        }
                }

                create_xdir(fs->dirbuf, fs->lfnbuf);    /* Create on-memory directory block to be written later */
                return FR_OK;
        }
#endif
        /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        memcpy(sn, dp->fn, 12);
        if (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) {                     /* When LFN is out of 8.3 format, generate a numbered name */
                dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NOLFN;              /* Find only SFN */
                for (n = 1; n < 100; n++) {
                        gen_numname(dp->fn, sn, fs->lfnbuf, n); /* Generate a numbered name */
                        res = dir_find(dp);                             /* Check if the name collides with existing SFN */
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                }
                if (n == 100) return FR_DENIED;         /* Abort if too many collisions */
                if (res != FR_NO_FILE) return res;      /* Abort if the result is other than 'not collided' */
                dp->fn[NSFLAG] = sn[NSFLAG];
        }

        /* Create an SFN with/without LFNs. */
        n_ent = (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LFN) ? (len + 12) / 13 + 1 : 1;        /* Number of entries to allocate */
        res = dir_alloc(dp, n_ent);             /* Allocate entries */
        if (res == FR_OK && --n_ent) {  /* Set LFN entry if needed */
                res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->dptr - n_ent * SZDIRE);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        sum = sum_sfn(dp->fn);  /* Checksum value of the SFN tied to the LFN */
                        do {                                    /* Store LFN entries in bottom first */
                                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                put_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir, (BYTE)n_ent, sum);
                                fs->wflag = 1;
                                res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
                        } while (res == FR_OK && --n_ent);
                }
        }

#else   /* Non LFN configuration */
        res = dir_alloc(dp, 1);         /* Allocate an entry for SFN */

#endif

        /* Set SFN entry */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        memset(dp->dir, 0, SZDIRE);     /* Clean the entry */
                        memcpy(dp->dir + DIR_Name, dp->fn, 11); /* Put SFN */
#if FF_USE_LFN
                        dp->dir[DIR_NTres] = dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_BODY | NS_EXT);       /* Put NT flag */
#endif
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                }
        }

        return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remove an object from the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_remove (     /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_DISK_ERR:A disk error */
        DIR* dp                                 /* Directory object pointing the entry to be removed */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN          /* LFN configuration */
        DWORD last = dp->dptr;

        res = (dp->blk_ofs == 0xFFFFFFFF) ? FR_OK : dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);   /* Goto top of the entry block if LFN is exist */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                do {
                        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {   /* On the exFAT volume */
                                dp->dir[XDIR_Type] &= 0x7F;     /* Clear the entry InUse flag. */
                        } else {                                                                                /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
                                dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;       /* Mark the entry 'deleted'. */
                        }
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        if (dp->dptr >= last) break;    /* If reached last entry then all entries of the object has been deleted. */
                        res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
                } while (res == FR_OK);
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;
        }
#else                   /* Non LFN configuration */

        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;       /* Mark the entry 'deleted'.*/
                fs->wflag = 1;
        }
#endif

        return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get file information from directory entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void get_fileinfo (
        DIR* dp,                        /* Pointer to the directory object */
        FILINFO* fno            /* Pointer to the file information to be filled */
)
{
        UINT si, di;
#if FF_USE_LFN
        BYTE lcf;
        WCHAR wc, hs;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
        UINT nw;
#else
        TCHAR c;
#endif


        fno->fname[0] = 0;                      /* Invaidate file info */
        if (dp->sect == 0) return;      /* Exit if read pointer has reached end of directory */

#if FF_USE_LFN          /* LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* exFAT volume */
                UINT nc = 0;

                si = SZDIRE * 2; di = 0;        /* 1st C1 entry in the entry block */
                hs = 0;
                while (nc < fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName]) {
                        if (si >= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {        /* Truncated directory block? */
                                di = 0; break;
                        }
                        if ((si % SZDIRE) == 0) si += 2;        /* Skip entry type field */
                        wc = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + si); si += 2; nc++;   /* Get a character */
                        if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {       /* Is it a surrogate? */
                                hs = wc; continue;                              /* Get low surrogate */
                        }
                        nw = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di);   /* Store it in API encoding */
                        if (nw == 0) {                                          /* Buffer overflow or wrong char? */
                                di = 0; break;
                        }
                        di += nw;
                        hs = 0;
                }
                if (hs != 0) di = 0;                                    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                if (di == 0) fno->fname[di++] = '\?';   /* Inaccessible object name? */
                fno->fname[di] = 0;                                             /* Terminate the name */
                fno->altname[0] = 0;                                    /* exFAT does not support SFN */

                fno->fattrib = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASKX;                /* Attribute */
                fno->fsize = (fno->fattrib & AM_DIR) ? 0 : ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);        /* Size */
                fno->ftime = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime + 0);    /* Time */
                fno->fdate = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime + 2);    /* Date */
                return;
        } else
#endif
        {       /* FAT/FAT32 volume */
                if (dp->blk_ofs != 0xFFFFFFFF) {        /* Get LFN if available */
                        si = di = 0;
                        hs = 0;
                        while (fs->lfnbuf[si] != 0) {
                                wc = fs->lfnbuf[si++];          /* Get an LFN character (UTF-16) */
                                if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {       /* Is it a surrogate? */
                                        hs = wc; continue;              /* Get low surrogate */
                                }
                                nw = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di);   /* Store it in API encoding */
                                if (nw == 0) {                          /* Buffer overflow or wrong char? */
                                        di = 0; break;
                                }
                                di += nw;
                                hs = 0;
                        }
                        if (hs != 0) di = 0;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                        fno->fname[di] = 0;             /* Terminate the LFN (null string means LFN is invalid) */
                }
        }

        si = di = 0;
        while (si < 11) {               /* Get SFN from SFN entry */
                wc = dp->dir[si++];                     /* Get a char */
                if (wc == ' ') continue;        /* Skip padding spaces */
                if (wc == RDDEM) wc = DDEM;     /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
                if (si == 9 && di < FF_SFN_BUF) fno->altname[di++] = '.';       /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 /* Unicode output */
                if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si != 8 && si != 11 && dbc_2nd(dp->dir[si])) { /* Make a DBC if needed */
                        wc = wc << 8 | dp->dir[si++];
                }
                wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);          /* ANSI/OEM -> Unicode */
                if (wc == 0) {                          /* Wrong char in the current code page? */
                        di = 0; break;
                }
                nw = put_utf(wc, &fno->altname[di], FF_SFN_BUF - di);   /* Store it in API encoding */
                if (nw == 0) {                          /* Buffer overflow? */
                        di = 0; break;
                }
                di += nw;
#else                                   /* ANSI/OEM output */
                fno->altname[di++] = (TCHAR)wc; /* Store it without any conversion */
#endif
        }
        fno->altname[di] = 0;   /* Terminate the SFN  (null string means SFN is invalid) */

        if (fno->fname[0] == 0) {       /* If LFN is invalid, altname[] needs to be copied to fname[] */
                if (di == 0) {  /* If LFN and SFN both are invalid, this object is inaccessible */
                        fno->fname[di++] = '\?';
                } else {
                        for (si = di = 0, lcf = NS_BODY; fno->altname[si]; si++, di++) {        /* Copy altname[] to fname[] with case information */
                                wc = (WCHAR)fno->altname[si];
                                if (wc == '.') lcf = NS_EXT;
                                if (IsUpper(wc) && (dp->dir[DIR_NTres] & lcf)) wc += 0x20;
                                fno->fname[di] = (TCHAR)wc;
                        }
                }
                fno->fname[di] = 0;     /* Terminate the LFN */
                if (!dp->dir[DIR_NTres]) fno->altname[0] = 0;   /* Altname is not needed if neither LFN nor case info is exist. */
        }

#else   /* Non-LFN configuration */
        si = di = 0;
        while (si < 11) {               /* Copy name body and extension */
                c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[si++];
                if (c == ' ') continue;         /* Skip padding spaces */
                if (c == RDDEM) c = DDEM;       /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
                if (si == 9) fno->fname[di++] = '.';/* Insert a . if extension is exist */
                fno->fname[di++] = c;
        }
        fno->fname[di] = 0;             /* Terminate the SFN */
#endif

        fno->fattrib = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;                     /* Attribute */
        fno->fsize = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_FileSize);          /* Size */
        fno->ftime = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 0);        /* Time */
        fno->fdate = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 2);        /* Date */
}

#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */



#if FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pattern matching                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define FIND_RECURS     4       /* Maximum number of wildcard terms in the pattern to limit recursion */


static DWORD get_achar (        /* Get a character and advance ptr */
        const TCHAR** ptr               /* Pointer to pointer to the ANSI/OEM or Unicode string */
)
{
        DWORD chr;


#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1   /* Unicode input */
        chr = tchar2uni(ptr);
        if (chr == 0xFFFFFFFF) chr = 0;         /* Wrong UTF encoding is recognized as end of the string */
        chr = ff_wtoupper(chr);

#else                                                                   /* ANSI/OEM input */
        chr = (BYTE)*(*ptr)++;                          /* Get a byte */
        if (IsLower(chr)) chr -= 0x20;          /* To upper ASCII char */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
        if (ExCvt && chr >= 0x80) chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80];      /* To upper SBCS extended char */
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
        if (chr >= 0x80) chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80];       /* To upper SBCS extended char */
#endif
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 || FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900
        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)chr)) {       /* Get DBC 2nd byte if needed */
                chr = dbc_2nd((BYTE)**ptr) ? chr << 8 | (BYTE)*(*ptr)++ : 0;
        }
#endif

#endif
        return chr;
}


static int pattern_match (      /* 0:mismatched, 1:matched */
        const TCHAR* pat,       /* Matching pattern */
        const TCHAR* nam,       /* String to be tested */
        UINT skip,                      /* Number of pre-skip chars (number of ?s, b8:infinite (* specified)) */
        UINT recur                      /* Recursion count */
)
{
        const TCHAR *pptr;
        const TCHAR *nptr;
        DWORD pchr, nchr;
        UINT sk;


        while ((skip & 0xFF) != 0) {            /* Pre-skip name chars */
                if (!get_achar(&nam)) return 0; /* Branch mismatched if less name chars */
                skip--;
        }
        if (*pat == 0 && skip) return 1;        /* Matched? (short circuit) */

        do {
                pptr = pat; nptr = nam;                 /* Top of pattern and name to match */
                for (;;) {
                        if (*pptr == '\?' || *pptr == '*') {    /* Wildcard term? */
                                if (recur == 0) return 0;       /* Too many wildcard terms? */
                                sk = 0;
                                do {    /* Analyze the wildcard term */
                                        if (*pptr++ == '\?') {
                                                sk++;
                                        } else {
                                                sk |= 0x100;
                                        }
                                } while (*pptr == '\?' || *pptr == '*');
                                if (pattern_match(pptr, nptr, sk, recur - 1)) return 1; /* Test new branch (recursive call) */
                                nchr = *nptr; break;    /* Branch mismatched */
                        }
                        pchr = get_achar(&pptr);        /* Get a pattern char */
                        nchr = get_achar(&nptr);        /* Get a name char */
                        if (pchr != nchr) break;        /* Branch mismatched? */
                        if (pchr == 0) return 1;        /* Branch matched? (matched at end of both strings) */
                }
                get_achar(&nam);                        /* nam++ */
        } while (skip && nchr);         /* Retry until end of name if infinite search is specified */

        return 0;
}

#endif /* FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pick a top segment and create the object name in directory form       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT create_name (    /* FR_OK: successful, FR_INVALID_NAME: could not create */
        DIR* dp,                                        /* Pointer to the directory object */
        const TCHAR** path                      /* Pointer to pointer to the segment in the path string */
)
{
#if FF_USE_LFN          /* LFN configuration */
        BYTE b, cf;
        WCHAR wc;
        WCHAR *lfn;
        const TCHAR* p;
        DWORD uc;
        UINT i, ni, si, di;


        /* Create LFN into LFN working buffer */
        p = *path; lfn = dp->obj.fs->lfnbuf; di = 0;
        for (;;) {
                uc = tchar2uni(&p);                     /* Get a character */
                if (uc == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_INVALID_NAME;           /* Invalid code or UTF decode error */
                if (uc >= 0x10000) lfn[di++] = (WCHAR)(uc >> 16);       /* Store high surrogate if needed */
                wc = (WCHAR)uc;
                if (wc < ' ' || IsSeparator(wc)) break; /* Break if end of the path or a separator is found */
                if (wc < 0x80 && strchr("*:<>|\"\?\x7F", (int)wc)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;      /* Reject illegal characters for LFN */
                if (di >= FF_MAX_LFN) return FR_INVALID_NAME;   /* Reject too long name */
                lfn[di++] = wc;                         /* Store the Unicode character */
        }
        if (wc < ' ') {                         /* Stopped at end of the path? */
                cf = NS_LAST;                   /* Last segment */
        } else {                                        /* Stopped at a separator */
                while (IsSeparator(*p)) p++;    /* Skip duplicated separators if exist */
                cf = 0;                                 /* Next segment may follow */
                if (IsTerminator(*p)) cf = NS_LAST;     /* Ignore terminating separator */
        }
        *path = p;                                      /* Return pointer to the next segment */

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
        if ((di == 1 && lfn[di - 1] == '.') ||
                (di == 2 && lfn[di - 1] == '.' && lfn[di - 2] == '.')) {        /* Is this segment a dot name? */
                lfn[di] = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {      /* Create dot name for SFN entry */
                        dp->fn[i] = (i < di) ? '.' : ' ';
                }
                dp->fn[i] = cf | NS_DOT;        /* This is a dot entry */
                return FR_OK;
        }
#endif
        while (di) {                                    /* Snip off trailing spaces and dots if exist */
                wc = lfn[di - 1];
                if (wc != ' ' && wc != '.') break;
                di--;
        }
        lfn[di] = 0;                                                    /* LFN is created into the working buffer */
        if (di == 0) return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject null name */

        /* Create SFN in directory form */
        for (si = 0; lfn[si] == ' '; si++) ;    /* Remove leading spaces */
        if (si > 0 || lfn[si] == '.') cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;   /* Is there any leading space or dot? */
        while (di > 0 && lfn[di - 1] != '.') di--;      /* Find last dot (di<=si: no extension) */

        memset(dp->fn, ' ', 11);
        i = b = 0; ni = 8;
        for (;;) {
                wc = lfn[si++];                                 /* Get an LFN character */
                if (wc == 0) break;                             /* Break on end of the LFN */
                if (wc == ' ' || (wc == '.' && si != di)) {     /* Remove embedded spaces and dots */
                        cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                        continue;
                }

                if (i >= ni || si == di) {              /* End of field? */
                        if (ni == 11) {                         /* Name extension overflow? */
                                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                                break;
                        }
                        if (si != di) cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;   /* Name body overflow? */
                        if (si > di) break;                                             /* No name extension? */
                        si = di; i = 8; ni = 11; b <<= 2;               /* Enter name extension */
                        continue;
                }

                if (wc >= 0x80) {       /* Is this an extended character? */
                        cf |= NS_LFN;   /* LFN entry needs to be created */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
                        if (ExCvt) {    /* In SBCS cfg */
                                wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);                  /* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */
                                if (wc & 0x80) wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F];   /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
                        } else {                /* In DBCS cfg */
                                wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE);     /* Unicode ==> Up-convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
                        }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900        /* In SBCS cfg */
                        wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);                  /* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */
                        if (wc & 0x80) wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F];   /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
#else                                           /* In DBCS cfg */
                        wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE);     /* Unicode ==> Up-convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
#endif
                }

                if (wc >= 0x100) {                              /* Is this a DBC? */
                        if (i >= ni - 1) {                      /* Field overflow? */
                                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                                i = ni; continue;               /* Next field */
                        }
                        dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);  /* Put 1st byte */
                } else {                                                /* SBC */
                        if (wc == 0 || strchr("+,;=[]", (int)wc)) {     /* Replace illegal characters for SFN */
                                wc = '_'; cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;/* Lossy conversion */
                        } else {
                                if (IsUpper(wc)) {              /* ASCII upper case? */
                                        b |= 2;
                                }
                                if (IsLower(wc)) {              /* ASCII lower case? */
                                        b |= 1; wc -= 0x20;
                                }
                        }
                }
                dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
        }

        if (dp->fn[0] == DDEM) dp->fn[0] = RDDEM;       /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */

        if (ni == 8) b <<= 2;                           /* Shift capital flags if no extension */
        if ((b & 0x0C) == 0x0C || (b & 0x03) == 0x03) cf |= NS_LFN;     /* LFN entry needs to be created if composite capitals */
        if (!(cf & NS_LFN)) {                           /* When LFN is in 8.3 format without extended character, NT flags are created */
                if (b & 0x01) cf |= NS_EXT;             /* NT flag (Extension has small capital letters only) */
                if (b & 0x04) cf |= NS_BODY;    /* NT flag (Body has small capital letters only) */
        }

        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = cf;    /* SFN is created into dp->fn[] */

        return FR_OK;


#else   /* FF_USE_LFN : Non-LFN configuration */
        BYTE c, d;
        BYTE *sfn;
        UINT ni, si, i;
        const char *p;

        /* Create file name in directory form */
        p = *path; sfn = dp->fn;
        memset(sfn, ' ', 11);
        si = i = 0; ni = 8;
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
        if (p[si] == '.') { /* Is this a dot entry? */
                for (;;) {
                        c = (BYTE)p[si++];
                        if (c != '.' || si >= 3) break;
                        sfn[i++] = c;
                }
                if (!IsSeparator(c) && c > ' ') return FR_INVALID_NAME;
                *path = p + si;                                 /* Return pointer to the next segment */
                sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST | NS_DOT : NS_DOT;   /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
                return FR_OK;
        }
#endif
        for (;;) {
                c = (BYTE)p[si++];                              /* Get a byte */
                if (c <= ' ') break;                    /* Break if end of the path name */
                if (IsSeparator(c)) {                   /* Break if a separator is found */
                        while (IsSeparator(p[si])) si++;        /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
                        break;
                }
                if (c == '.' || i >= ni) {              /* End of body or field overflow? */
                        if (ni == 11 || c != '.') return FR_INVALID_NAME;       /* Field overflow or invalid dot? */
                        i = 8; ni = 11;                         /* Enter file extension field */
                        continue;
                }
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
                if (ExCvt && c >= 0x80) {               /* Is SBC extended character? */
                        c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F];            /* To upper SBC extended character */
                }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
                if (c >= 0x80) {                                /* Is SBC extended character? */
                        c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F];            /* To upper SBC extended character */
                }
#endif
                if (dbc_1st(c)) {                               /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte */
                        d = (BYTE)p[si++];                      /* Get 2nd byte */
                        if (!dbc_2nd(d) || i >= ni - 1) return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid DBC */
                        sfn[i++] = c;
                        sfn[i++] = d;
                } else {                                                /* SBC */
                        if (strchr("*+,:;<=>[]|\"\?\x7F", (int)c)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;      /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
                        if (IsLower(c)) c -= 0x20;      /* To upper */
                        sfn[i++] = c;
                }
        }
        *path = &p[si];                                         /* Return pointer to the next segment */
        if (i == 0) return FR_INVALID_NAME;     /* Reject nul string */

        if (sfn[0] == DDEM) sfn[0] = RDDEM;     /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
        sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ' || p[si] <= ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0; /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */

        return FR_OK;
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Follow a file path                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT follow_path (    /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
        DIR* dp,                                        /* Directory object to return last directory and found object */
        const TCHAR* path                       /* Full-path string to find a file or directory */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        BYTE ns;
        FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
        if (!IsSeparator(*path) && (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID != 2 || !IsTerminator(*path))) {   /* Without heading separator */
                dp->obj.sclust = fs->cdir;                      /* Start at the current directory */
        } else
#endif
        {                                                                               /* With heading separator */
                while (IsSeparator(*path)) path++;      /* Strip separators */
                dp->obj.sclust = 0;                                     /* Start from the root directory */
        }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        dp->obj.n_frag = 0;     /* Invalidate last fragment counter of the object */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && dp->obj.sclust) {        /* exFAT: Retrieve the sub-directory's status */
                DIR dj;

                dp->obj.c_scl = fs->cdc_scl;
                dp->obj.c_size = fs->cdc_size;
                dp->obj.c_ofs = fs->cdc_ofs;
                res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj);
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                dp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                dp->obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
        }
#endif
#endif

        if ((UINT)*path < ' ') {                                /* Null path name is the origin directory itself */
                dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
                res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);

        } else {                                                                /* Follow path */
                for (;;) {
                        res = create_name(dp, &path);   /* Get a segment name of the path */
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        res = dir_find(dp);                             /* Find an object with the segment name */
                        ns = dp->fn[NSFLAG];
                        if (res != FR_OK) {                             /* Failed to find the object */
                                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {        /* Object is not found */
                                        if (FF_FS_RPATH && (ns & NS_DOT)) {     /* If dot entry is not exist, stay there */
                                                if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) continue;  /* Continue to follow if not last segment */
                                                dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
                                                res = FR_OK;
                                        } else {                                                        /* Could not find the object */
                                                if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) res = FR_NO_PATH;  /* Adjust error code if not last segment */
                                        }
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                        if (ns & NS_LAST) break;                /* Last segment matched. Function completed. */
                        /* Get into the sub-directory */
                        if (!(dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR)) { /* It is not a sub-directory and cannot follow */
                                res = FR_NO_PATH; break;
                        }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* Save containing directory information for next dir */
                                dp->obj.c_scl = dp->obj.sclust;
                                dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                                dp->obj.c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                                init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj);  /* Open next directory */
                        } else
#endif
                        {
                                dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, fs->win + dp->dptr % SS(fs));     /* Open next directory */
                        }
                }
        }

        return res;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get logical drive number from path name                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static int get_ldnumber (       /* Returns logical drive number (-1:invalid drive number or null pointer) */
        const TCHAR** path              /* Pointer to pointer to the path name */
)
{
        const TCHAR *tp;
        const TCHAR *tt;
        TCHAR tc;
        int i;
        int vol = -1;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID            /* Find string volume ID */
        const char *sp;
        char c;
#endif

        tt = tp = *path;
        if (!tp) return vol;    /* Invalid path name? */
        do {                                    /* Find a colon in the path */
                tc = *tt++;
        } while (!IsTerminator(tc) && tc != ':');

        if (tc == ':') {        /* DOS/Windows style volume ID? */
                i = FF_VOLUMES;
                if (IsDigit(*tp) && tp + 2 == tt) {     /* Is there a numeric volume ID + colon? */
                        i = (int)*tp - '0';     /* Get the LD number */
                }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1       /* Arbitrary string is enabled */
                else {
                        i = 0;
                        do {
                                sp = VolumeStr[i]; tp = *path;  /* This string volume ID and path name */
                                do {    /* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                                        c = *sp++; tc = *tp++;
                                        if (IsLower(c)) c -= 0x20;
                                        if (IsLower(tc)) tc -= 0x20;
                                } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
                        } while ((c || tp != tt) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES);  /* Repeat for each id until pattern match */
                }
#endif
                if (i < FF_VOLUMES) {   /* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
                        vol = i;                /* Drive number */
                        *path = tt;             /* Snip the drive prefix off */
                }
                return vol;
        }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2               /* Unix style volume ID is enabled */
        if (*tp == '/') {                       /* Is there a volume ID? */
                while (*(tp + 1) == '/') tp++;  /* Skip duplicated separator */
                i = 0;
                do {
                        tt = tp; sp = VolumeStr[i]; /* Path name and this string volume ID */
                        do {    /* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                                c = *sp++; tc = *(++tt);
                                if (IsLower(c)) c -= 0x20;
                                if (IsLower(tc)) tc -= 0x20;
                        } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
                } while ((c || (tc != '/' && !IsTerminator(tc))) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES);  /* Repeat for each ID until pattern match */
                if (i < FF_VOLUMES) {   /* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
                        vol = i;                /* Drive number */
                        *path = tt;             /* Snip the drive prefix off */
                }
                return vol;
        }
#endif
        /* No drive prefix is found */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
        vol = CurrVol;  /* Default drive is current drive */
#else
        vol = 0;                /* Default drive is 0 */
#endif
        return vol;             /* Return the default drive */
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* GPT support functions                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if FF_LBA64

/* Calculate CRC32 in byte-by-byte */

static DWORD crc32 (    /* Returns next CRC value */
        DWORD crc,                      /* Current CRC value */
        BYTE d                          /* A byte to be processed */
)
{
        BYTE b;


        for (b = 1; b; b <<= 1) {
                crc ^= (d & b) ? 1 : 0;
                crc = (crc & 1) ? crc >> 1 ^ 0xEDB88320 : crc >> 1;
        }
        return crc;
}


/* Check validity of GPT header */

static int test_gpt_header (    /* 0:Invalid, 1:Valid */
        const BYTE* gpth                        /* Pointer to the GPT header */
)
{
        UINT i;
        DWORD bcc, hlen;


        if (memcmp(gpth + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART" "\0\0\1", 12)) return 0;        /* Check signature and version (1.0) */
        hlen = ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_Size);                                              /* Check header size */
        if (hlen < 92 || hlen > FF_MIN_SS) return 0;
        for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < hlen; i++) {                  /* Check header BCC */
                bcc = crc32(bcc, i - GPTH_Bcc < 4 ? 0 : gpth[i]);
        }
        if (~bcc != ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_Bcc)) return 0;
        if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PteSize) != SZ_GPTE) return 0; /* Table entry size (must be SZ_GPTE bytes) */
        if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PtNum) > 128) return 0;                /* Table size (must be 128 entries or less) */

        return 1;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS

/* Generate random value */
static DWORD make_rand (
        DWORD seed,             /* Seed value */
        BYTE *buff,             /* Output buffer */
        UINT n                  /* Data length */
)
{
        UINT r;


        if (seed == 0) seed = 1;
        do {
                for (r = 0; r < 8; r++) seed = seed & 1 ? seed >> 1 ^ 0xA3000000 : seed >> 1;   /* Shift 8 bits the 32-bit LFSR */
                *buff++ = (BYTE)seed;
        } while (--n);
        return seed;
}

#endif
#endif



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load a sector and check if it is an FAT VBR                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Check what the sector is */

static UINT check_fs (  /* 0:FAT/FAT32 VBR, 1:exFAT VBR, 2:Not FAT and valid BS, 3:Not FAT and invalid BS, 4:Disk error */
        FATFS* fs,                      /* Filesystem object */
        LBA_t sect                      /* Sector to load and check if it is an FAT-VBR or not */
)
{
        WORD w, sign;
        BYTE b;


        fs->wflag = 0; fs->winsect = (LBA_t)0 - 1;              /* Invaidate window */
        if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) return 4;   /* Load the boot sector */
        sign = ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA);
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (sign == 0xAA55 && !memcmp(fs->win + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90" "EXFAT   ", 11)) return 1;   /* It is an exFAT VBR */
#endif
        b = fs->win[BS_JmpBoot];
        if (b == 0xEB || b == 0xE9 || b == 0xE8) {      /* Valid JumpBoot code? (short jump, near jump or near call) */
                if (sign == 0xAA55 && !memcmp(fs->win + BS_FilSysType32, "FAT32   ", 8)) {
                        return 0;       /* It is an FAT32 VBR */
                }
                /* FAT volumes formatted with early MS-DOS lack BS_55AA and BS_FilSysType, so FAT VBR needs to be identified without them. */
                w = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec);
                b = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus];
                if ((w & (w - 1)) == 0 && w >= FF_MIN_SS && w <= FF_MAX_SS      /* Properness of sector size (512-4096 and 2^n) */
                        && b != 0 && (b & (b - 1)) == 0                         /* Properness of cluster size (2^n) */
                        && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt) != 0       /* Properness of reserved sectors (MNBZ) */
                        && (UINT)fs->win[BPB_NumFATs] - 1 <= 1          /* Properness of FATs (1 or 2) */
                        && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt) != 0       /* Properness of root dir entries (MNBZ) */
                        && (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16) >= 128 || ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32) >= 0x10000)      /* Properness of volume sectors (>=128) */
                        && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16) != 0) {       /* Properness of FAT size (MNBZ) */
                                return 0;       /* It can be presumed an FAT VBR */
                }
        }
        return sign == 0xAA55 ? 2 : 3;  /* Not an FAT VBR (valid or invalid BS) */
}


/* Find an FAT volume */
/* (It supports only generic partitioning rules, MBR, GPT and SFD) */

static UINT find_volume (       /* Returns BS status found in the hosting drive */
        FATFS* fs,              /* Filesystem object */
        UINT part               /* Partition to fined = 0:find as SFD and partitions, >0:forced partition number */
)
{
        UINT fmt, i;
        DWORD mbr_pt[4];


        fmt = check_fs(fs, 0);                          /* Load sector 0 and check if it is an FAT VBR as SFD format */
        if (fmt != 2 && (fmt >= 3 || part == 0)) return fmt;    /* Returns if it is an FAT VBR as auto scan, not a BS or disk error */

        /* Sector 0 is not an FAT VBR or forced partition number wants a partition */

#if FF_LBA64
        if (fs->win[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) {  /* GPT protective MBR? */
                DWORD n_ent, v_ent, ofs;
                QWORD pt_lba;

                if (move_window(fs, 1) != FR_OK) return 4;      /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
                if (!test_gpt_header(fs->win)) return 3;        /* Check if GPT header is valid */
                n_ent = ld_dword(fs->win + GPTH_PtNum);         /* Number of entries */
                pt_lba = ld_qword(fs->win + GPTH_PtOfs);        /* Table location */
                for (v_ent = i = 0; i < n_ent; i++) {           /* Find FAT partition */
                        if (move_window(fs, pt_lba + i * SZ_GPTE / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) return 4;  /* PT sector */
                        ofs = i * SZ_GPTE % SS(fs);                                                                                             /* Offset in the sector */
                        if (!memcmp(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16)) {  /* MS basic data partition? */
                                v_ent++;
                                fmt = check_fs(fs, ld_qword(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_FstLba));      /* Load VBR and check status */
                                if (part == 0 && fmt <= 1) return fmt;                  /* Auto search (valid FAT volume found first) */
                                if (part != 0 && v_ent == part) return fmt;             /* Forced partition order (regardless of it is valid or not) */
                        }
                }
                return 3;       /* Not found */
        }
#endif
        if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && part > 4) return 3;   /* MBR has 4 partitions max */
        for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {               /* Load partition offset in the MBR */
                mbr_pt[i] = ld_dword(fs->win + MBR_Table + i * SZ_PTE + PTE_StLba);
        }
        i = part ? part - 1 : 0;                /* Table index to find first */
        do {                                                    /* Find an FAT volume */
                fmt = mbr_pt[i] ? check_fs(fs, mbr_pt[i]) : 3;  /* Check if the partition is FAT */
        } while (part == 0 && fmt >= 2 && ++i < 4);
        return fmt;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Determine logical drive number and mount the volume if needed         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT mount_volume (   /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: an error occurred */
        const TCHAR** path,                     /* Pointer to pointer to the path name (drive number) */
        FATFS** rfs,                            /* Pointer to pointer to the found filesystem object */
        BYTE mode                                       /* Desiered access mode to check write protection */
)
{
        int vol;
        FATFS *fs;
        DSTATUS stat;
        LBA_t bsect;
        DWORD tsect, sysect, fasize, nclst, szbfat;
        WORD nrsv;
        UINT fmt;


        /* Get logical drive number */
        *rfs = 0;
        vol = get_ldnumber(path);
        if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;

        /* Check if the filesystem object is valid or not */
        fs = FatFs[vol];                                        /* Get pointer to the filesystem object */
        if (!fs) return FR_NOT_ENABLED;         /* Is the filesystem object available? */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
        if (!lock_volume(fs, 1)) return FR_TIMEOUT;     /* Lock the volume, and system if needed */
#endif
        *rfs = fs;                                                      /* Return pointer to the filesystem object */

        mode &= (BYTE)~FA_READ;                         /* Desired access mode, write access or not */
        if (fs->fs_type != 0) {                         /* If the volume has been mounted */
                stat = disk_status(fs->pdrv);
                if (!(stat & STA_NOINIT)) {             /* and the physical drive is kept initialized */
                        if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) {  /* Check write protection if needed */
                                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
                        }
                        return FR_OK;                           /* The filesystem object is already valid */
                }
        }

        /* The filesystem object is not valid. */
        /* Following code attempts to mount the volume. (find an FAT volume, analyze the BPB and initialize the filesystem object) */

        fs->fs_type = 0;                                        /* Invalidate the filesystem object */
        stat = disk_initialize(fs->pdrv);       /* Initialize the volume hosting physical drive */
        if (stat & STA_NOINIT) {                        /* Check if the initialization succeeded */
                return FR_NOT_READY;                    /* Failed to initialize due to no medium or hard error */
        }
        if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) { /* Check disk write protection if needed */
                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
        }
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS                              /* Get sector size (multiple sector size cfg only) */
        if (disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
        if (SS(fs) > FF_MAX_SS || SS(fs) < FF_MIN_SS || (SS(fs) & (SS(fs) - 1))) return FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif

        /* Find an FAT volume on the hosting drive */
        fmt = find_volume(fs, LD2PT(vol));
        if (fmt == 4) return FR_DISK_ERR;               /* An error occurred in the disk I/O layer */
        if (fmt >= 2) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;  /* No FAT volume is found */
        bsect = fs->winsect;                                    /* Volume offset in the hosting physical drive */

        /* An FAT volume is found (bsect). Following code initializes the filesystem object */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fmt == 1) {
                QWORD maxlba;
                DWORD so, cv, bcl, i;

                for (i = BPB_ZeroedEx; i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53 && fs->win[i] == 0; i++) ; /* Check zero filler */
                if (i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;

                if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVerEx) != 0x100) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* Check exFAT version (must be version 1.0) */

                if (1 << fs->win[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] != SS(fs)) { /* (BPB_BytsPerSecEx must be equal to the physical sector size) */
                        return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
                }

                maxlba = ld_qword(fs->win + BPB_TotSecEx) + bsect;      /* Last LBA of the volume + 1 */
                if (!FF_LBA64 && maxlba >= 0x100000000) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (It cannot be accessed in 32-bit LBA) */

                fs->fsize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatSzEx);    /* Number of sectors per FAT */

                fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATsEx];                    /* Number of FATs */
                if (fs->n_fats != 1) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (Supports only 1 FAT) */

                fs->csize = 1 << fs->win[BPB_SecPerClusEx];             /* Cluster size */
                if (fs->csize == 0)     return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (Must be 1..32768 sectors) */

                nclst = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_NumClusEx);              /* Number of clusters */
                if (nclst > MAX_EXFAT) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Too many clusters) */
                fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;

                /* Boundaries and Limits */
                fs->volbase = bsect;
                fs->database = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_DataOfsEx);
                fs->fatbase = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatOfsEx);
                if (maxlba < (QWORD)fs->database + nclst * fs->csize) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;  /* (Volume size must not be smaller than the size required) */
                fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClusEx);

                /* Get bitmap location and check if it is contiguous (implementation assumption) */
                so = i = 0;
                for (;;) {      /* Find the bitmap entry in the root directory (in only first cluster) */
                        if (i == 0) {
                                if (so >= fs->csize) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* Not found? */
                                if (move_window(fs, clst2sect(fs, (DWORD)fs->dirbase) + so) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                                so++;
                        }
                        if (fs->win[i] == ET_BITMAP) break;                     /* Is it a bitmap entry? */
                        i = (i + SZDIRE) % SS(fs);      /* Next entry */
                }
                bcl = ld_dword(fs->win + i + 20);                               /* Bitmap cluster */
                if (bcl < 2 || bcl >= fs->n_fatent) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Wrong cluster#) */
                fs->bitbase = fs->database + fs->csize * (bcl - 2);     /* Bitmap sector */
                for (;;) {      /* Check if bitmap is contiguous */
                        if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + bcl / (SS(fs) / 4)) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                        cv = ld_dword(fs->win + bcl % (SS(fs) / 4) * 4);
                        if (cv == 0xFFFFFFFF) break;                            /* Last link? */
                        if (cv != ++bcl) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;       /* Fragmented bitmap? */
                }

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF;             /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
#endif
                fmt = FS_EXFAT;                 /* FAT sub-type */
        } else
#endif  /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
        {
                if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec) != SS(fs)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;       /* (BPB_BytsPerSec must be equal to the physical sector size) */

                fasize = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16);                /* Number of sectors per FAT */
                if (fasize == 0) fasize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FATSz32);
                fs->fsize = fasize;

                fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATs];                              /* Number of FATs */
                if (fs->n_fats != 1 && fs->n_fats != 2) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (Must be 1 or 2) */
                fasize *= fs->n_fats;                                                   /* Number of sectors for FAT area */

                fs->csize = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus];                    /* Cluster size */
                if (fs->csize == 0 || (fs->csize & (fs->csize - 1))) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (Must be power of 2) */

                fs->n_rootdir = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt);      /* Number of root directory entries */
                if (fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / SZDIRE)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be sector aligned) */

                tsect = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16);                /* Number of sectors on the volume */
                if (tsect == 0) tsect = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32);

                nrsv = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt);               /* Number of reserved sectors */
                if (nrsv == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;                 /* (Must not be 0) */

                /* Determine the FAT sub type */
                sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / SZDIRE);     /* RSV + FAT + DIR */
                if (tsect < sysect) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Invalid volume size) */
                nclst = (tsect - sysect) / fs->csize;                   /* Number of clusters */
                if (nclst == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;                /* (Invalid volume size) */
                fmt = 0;
                if (nclst <= MAX_FAT32) fmt = FS_FAT32;
                if (nclst <= MAX_FAT16) fmt = FS_FAT16;
                if (nclst <= MAX_FAT12) fmt = FS_FAT12;
                if (fmt == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;

                /* Boundaries and Limits */
                fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;                                               /* Number of FAT entries */
                fs->volbase = bsect;                                                    /* Volume start sector */
                fs->fatbase = bsect + nrsv;                                     /* FAT start sector */
                fs->database = bsect + sysect;                                  /* Data start sector */
                if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
                        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVer32) != 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;       /* (Must be FAT32 revision 0.0) */
                        if (fs->n_rootdir != 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be 0) */
                        fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClus32);       /* Root directory start cluster */
                        szbfat = fs->n_fatent * 4;                                      /* (Needed FAT size) */
                } else {
                        if (fs->n_rootdir == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must not be 0) */
                        fs->dirbase = fs->fatbase + fasize;                     /* Root directory start sector */
                        szbfat = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ?                            /* (Needed FAT size) */
                                fs->n_fatent * 2 : fs->n_fatent * 3 / 2 + (fs->n_fatent & 1);
                }
                if (fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;      /* (BPB_FATSz must not be less than the size needed) */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                /* Get FSInfo if available */
                fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF;             /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
                fs->fsi_flag = 0x80;
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3
                if (fmt == FS_FAT32                             /* Allow to update FSInfo only if BPB_FSInfo32 == 1 */
                        && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSInfo32) == 1
                        && move_window(fs, bsect + 1) == FR_OK)
                {
                        fs->fsi_flag = 0;
                        if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) == 0xAA55        /* Load FSInfo data if available */
                                && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig) == 0x41615252
                                && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig) == 0x61417272)
                        {
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 1) == 0
                                fs->free_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count);
#endif
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 2) == 0
                                fs->last_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free);
#endif
                        }
                }
#endif  /* (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3 */
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
        }

        fs->fs_type = (BYTE)fmt;/* FAT sub-type (the filesystem object gets valid) */
        fs->id = ++Fsid;                /* Volume mount ID */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
        fs->lfnbuf = LfnBuf;    /* Static LFN working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        fs->dirbuf = DirBuf;    /* Static directory block scratchpad buuffer */
#endif
#endif
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
        fs->cdir = 0;                   /* Initialize current directory */
#endif
#if FF_FS_LOCK                          /* Clear file lock semaphores */
        clear_share(fs);
#endif
        return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Check if the file/directory object is valid or not                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT validate (       /* Returns FR_OK or FR_INVALID_OBJECT */
        FFOBJID* obj,                   /* Pointer to the FFOBJID, the 1st member in the FIL/DIR structure, to check validity */
        FATFS** rfs                             /* Pointer to pointer to the owner filesystem object to return */
)
{
        FRESULT res = FR_INVALID_OBJECT;


        if (obj && obj->fs && obj->fs->fs_type && obj->id == obj->fs->id) {     /* Test if the object is valid */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
                if (lock_volume(obj->fs, 0)) {  /* Take a grant to access the volume */
                        if (!(disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) { /* Test if the hosting phsical drive is kept initialized */
                                res = FR_OK;
                        } else {
                                unlock_volume(obj->fs, FR_OK);  /* Invalidated volume, abort to access */
                        }
                } else {        /* Could not take */
                        res = FR_TIMEOUT;
                }
#else
                if (!(disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) { /* Test if the hosting phsical drive is kept initialized */
                        res = FR_OK;
                }
#endif
        }
        *rfs = (res == FR_OK) ? obj->fs : 0;    /* Return corresponding filesystem object if it is valid */
        return res;
}




/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Public Functions (FatFs API)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Mount/Unmount a Logical Drive                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mount (
        FATFS* fs,                      /* Pointer to the filesystem object to be registered (NULL:unmount)*/
        const TCHAR* path,      /* Logical drive number to be mounted/unmounted */
        BYTE opt                        /* Mount option: 0=Do not mount (delayed mount), 1=Mount immediately */
)
{
        FATFS *cfs;
        int vol;
        FRESULT res;
        const TCHAR *rp = path;


        /* Get volume ID (logical drive number) */
        vol = get_ldnumber(&rp);
        if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
        cfs = FatFs[vol];                       /* Pointer to the filesystem object of the volume */

        if (cfs) {                                      /* Unregister current filesystem object if regsitered */
                FatFs[vol] = 0;
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                clear_share(cfs);
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT                             /* Discard mutex of the current volume */
                ff_mutex_delete(vol);
#endif
                cfs->fs_type = 0;               /* Invalidate the filesystem object to be unregistered */
        }

        if (fs) {                                       /* Register new filesystem object */
                fs->pdrv = LD2PD(vol);  /* Volume hosting physical drive */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT                             /* Create a volume mutex */
                fs->ldrv = (BYTE)vol;   /* Owner volume ID */
                if (!ff_mutex_create(vol)) return FR_INT_ERR;
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                if (SysLock == 0) {             /* Create a system mutex if needed */
                        if (!ff_mutex_create(FF_VOLUMES)) {
                                ff_mutex_delete(vol);
                                return FR_INT_ERR;
                        }
                        SysLock = 1;            /* System mutex is ready */
                }
#endif
#endif
                fs->fs_type = 0;                /* Invalidate the new filesystem object */
                FatFs[vol] = fs;                /* Register new fs object */
        }

        if (opt == 0) return FR_OK;     /* Do not mount now, it will be mounted in subsequent file functions */

        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);      /* Force mounted the volume */
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Open or Create a File                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_open (
        FIL* fp,                        /* Pointer to the blank file object */
        const TCHAR* path,      /* Pointer to the file name */
        BYTE mode                       /* Access mode and open mode flags */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        DIR dj;
        FATFS *fs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        DWORD cl, bcs, clst, tm;
        LBA_t sc;
        FSIZE_t ofs;
#endif
        DEF_NAMBUF


        if (!fp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

        /* Get logical drive number */
        mode &= FF_FS_READONLY ? FA_READ : FA_READ | FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_APPEND;
        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, mode);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dj.obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY     /* Read/Write configuration */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {        /* Origin directory itself? */
                                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
                        }
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                        else {
                                res = chk_share(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);        /* Check if the file can be used */
                        }
#endif
                }
                /* Create or Open a file */
                if (mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW)) {
                        if (res != FR_OK) {                                     /* No file, create new */
                                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                                        res = enq_share() ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
#else
                                        res = dir_register(&dj);
#endif
                                }
                                mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS;               /* File is created */
                        }
                        else {                                                          /* Any object with the same name is already existing */
                                if (dj.obj.attr & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR)) {  /* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
                                        res = FR_DENIED;
                                } else {
                                        if (mode & FA_CREATE_NEW) res = FR_EXIST;       /* Cannot create as new file */
                                }
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)) {        /* Truncate the file if overwrite mode */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                        /* Get current allocation info */
                                        fp->obj.fs = fs;
                                        init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
                                        /* Set directory entry block initial state */
                                        memset(fs->dirbuf + 2, 0, 30);  /* Clear 85 entry except for NumSec */
                                        memset(fs->dirbuf + 38, 0, 26); /* Clear C0 entry except for NumName and NameHash */
                                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;
                                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_CrtTime, GET_FATTIME());
                                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 1;
                                        res = store_xdir(&dj);
                                        if (res == FR_OK && fp->obj.sclust != 0) {      /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                                                res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
                                                fs->last_clst = fp->obj.sclust - 1;             /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                                        }
                                } else
#endif
                                {
                                        /* Set directory entry initial state */
                                        tm = GET_FATTIME();                                     /* Set created time */
                                        st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_CrtTime, tm);
                                        st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                                        cl = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);                      /* Get current cluster chain */
                                        dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;                      /* Reset attribute */
                                        st_clust(fs, dj.dir, 0);                        /* Reset file allocation info */
                                        st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize, 0);
                                        fs->wflag = 1;
                                        if (cl != 0) {                                          /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                                                sc = fs->winsect;
                                                res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, cl, 0);
                                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                        res = move_window(fs, sc);
                                                        fs->last_clst = cl - 1;         /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
                else {  /* Open an existing file */
                        if (res == FR_OK) {                                     /* Is the object exsiting? */
                                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {             /* File open against a directory */
                                        res = FR_NO_FILE;
                                } else {
                                        if ((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO)) { /* Write mode open against R/O file */
                                                res = FR_DENIED;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        if (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS) mode |= FA_MODIFIED;       /* Set file change flag if created or overwritten */
                        fp->dir_sect = fs->winsect;                     /* Pointer to the directory entry */
                        fp->dir_ptr = dj.dir;
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                        fp->obj.lockid = inc_share(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);     /* Lock the file for this session */
                        if (fp->obj.lockid == 0) res = FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
                }
#else           /* R/O configuration */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {        /* Is it origin directory itself? */
                                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
                        } else {
                                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {             /* Is it a directory? */
                                        res = FR_NO_FILE;
                                }
                        }
                }
#endif

                if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                fp->obj.c_scl = dj.obj.sclust;                                                  /* Get containing directory info */
                                fp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                                fp->obj.c_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                                init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
                        } else
#endif
                        {
                                fp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);                                  /* Get object allocation info */
                                fp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize);
                        }
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                        fp->cltbl = 0;          /* Disable fast seek mode */
#endif
                        fp->obj.fs = fs;        /* Validate the file object */
                        fp->obj.id = fs->id;
                        fp->flag = mode;        /* Set file access mode */
                        fp->err = 0;            /* Clear error flag */
                        fp->sect = 0;           /* Invalidate current data sector */
                        fp->fptr = 0;           /* Set file pointer top of the file */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#if !FF_FS_TINY
                        memset(fp->buf, 0, sizeof fp->buf);     /* Clear sector buffer */
#endif
                        if ((mode & FA_SEEKEND) && fp->obj.objsize > 0) {       /* Seek to end of file if FA_OPEN_APPEND is specified */
                                fp->fptr = fp->obj.objsize;                     /* Offset to seek */
                                bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);        /* Cluster size in byte */
                                clst = fp->obj.sclust;                          /* Follow the cluster chain */
                                for (ofs = fp->obj.objsize; res == FR_OK && ofs > bcs; ofs -= bcs) {
                                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
                                        if (clst <= 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;
                                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                                }
                                fp->clust = clst;
                                if (res == FR_OK && ofs % SS(fs)) {     /* Fill sector buffer if not on the sector boundary */
                                        sc = clst2sect(fs, clst);
                                        if (sc == 0) {
                                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                                        } else {
                                                fp->sect = sc + (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
#if !FF_FS_TINY
                                                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif
                                        }
                                }
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                                if (res != FR_OK) dec_share(fp->obj.lockid); /* Decrement file open counter if seek failed */
#endif
                        }
#endif
                }

                FREE_NAMBUF();
        }

        if (res != FR_OK) fp->obj.fs = 0;       /* Invalidate file object on error */

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read File                                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_read (
        FIL* fp,        /* Open file to be read */
        void* buff,     /* Data buffer to store the read data */
        UINT btr,       /* Number of bytes to read */
        UINT* br        /* Number of bytes read */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DWORD clst;
        LBA_t sect;
        FSIZE_t remain;
        UINT rcnt, cc, csect;
        BYTE *rbuff = (BYTE*)buff;


        *br = 0;        /* Clear read byte counter */
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);                          /* Check validity of the file object */
        if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);       /* Check validity */
        if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
        remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
        if (btr > remain) btr = (UINT)remain;           /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */

        for ( ; btr > 0; btr -= rcnt, *br += rcnt, rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt) {   /* Repeat until btr bytes read */
                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {                   /* On the sector boundary? */
                        csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1));    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
                        if (csect == 0) {                                       /* On the cluster boundary? */
                                if (fp->fptr == 0) {                    /* On the top of the file? */
                                        clst = fp->obj.sclust;          /* Follow cluster chain from the origin */
                                } else {                                                /* Middle or end of the file */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                                        if (fp->cltbl) {
                                                clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);        /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                                        } else
#endif
                                        {
                                                clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);    /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                                        }
                                }
                                if (clst < 2) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->clust = clst;                               /* Update current cluster */
                        }
                        sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);        /* Get current sector */
                        if (sect == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        sect += csect;
                        cc = btr / SS(fs);                                      /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
                        if (cc > 0) {                                           /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) {   /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                                        cc = fs->csize - csect;
                                }
                                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, rbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2              /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
#if FF_FS_TINY
                                if (fs->wflag && fs->winsect - sect < cc) {
                                        memcpy(rbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), fs->win, SS(fs));
                                }
#else
                                if ((fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) && fp->sect - sect < cc) {
                                        memcpy(rbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), fp->buf, SS(fs));
                                }
#endif
#endif
                                rcnt = SS(fs) * cc;                             /* Number of bytes transferred */
                                continue;
                        }
#if !FF_FS_TINY
                        if (fp->sect != sect) {                 /* Load data sector if not in cache */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                                if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {              /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                                        if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                                }
#endif
                                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Fill sector cache */
                        }
#endif
                        fp->sect = sect;
                }
                rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);        /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
                if (rcnt > btr) rcnt = btr;                                     /* Clip it by btr if needed */
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
                memcpy(rbuff, fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt);       /* Extract partial sector */
#else
                memcpy(rbuff, fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt);       /* Extract partial sector */
#endif
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_write (
        FIL* fp,                        /* Open file to be written */
        const void* buff,       /* Data to be written */
        UINT btw,                       /* Number of bytes to write */
        UINT* bw                        /* Number of bytes written */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DWORD clst;
        LBA_t sect;
        UINT wcnt, cc, csect;
        const BYTE *wbuff = (const BYTE*)buff;


        *bw = 0;        /* Clear write byte counter */
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);                  /* Check validity of the file object */
        if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);       /* Check validity */
        if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */

        /* Check fptr wrap-around (file size cannot reach 4 GiB at FAT volume) */
        if ((!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) && (DWORD)(fp->fptr + btw) < (DWORD)fp->fptr) {
                btw = (UINT)(0xFFFFFFFF - (DWORD)fp->fptr);
        }

        for ( ; btw > 0; btw -= wcnt, *bw += wcnt, wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, fp->obj.objsize = (fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) ? fp->fptr : fp->obj.objsize) {      /* Repeat until all data written */
                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {           /* On the sector boundary? */
                        csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
                        if (csect == 0) {                               /* On the cluster boundary? */
                                if (fp->fptr == 0) {            /* On the top of the file? */
                                        clst = fp->obj.sclust;  /* Follow from the origin */
                                        if (clst == 0) {                /* If no cluster is allocated, */
                                                clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);       /* create a new cluster chain */
                                        }
                                } else {                                        /* On the middle or end of the file */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                                        if (fp->cltbl) {
                                                clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);        /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                                        } else
#endif
                                        {
                                                clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust);       /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                                        }
                                }
                                if (clst == 0) break;           /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                                if (clst == 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->clust = clst;                       /* Update current cluster */
                                if (fp->obj.sclust == 0) fp->obj.sclust = clst; /* Set start cluster if the first write */
                        }
#if FF_FS_TINY
                        if (fs->winsect == fp->sect && sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);        /* Write-back sector cache */
#else
                        if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {              /* Write-back sector cache */
                                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                        }
#endif
                        sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);        /* Get current sector */
                        if (sect == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        sect += csect;
                        cc = btw / SS(fs);                              /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
                        if (cc > 0) {                                   /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) {   /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                                        cc = fs->csize - csect;
                                }
                                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, wbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
#if FF_FS_TINY
                                if (fs->winsect - sect < cc) {  /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                                        memcpy(fs->win, wbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                                        fs->wflag = 0;
                                }
#else
                                if (fp->sect - sect < cc) { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                                        memcpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                                }
#endif
#endif
                                wcnt = SS(fs) * cc;             /* Number of bytes transferred */
                                continue;
                        }
#if FF_FS_TINY
                        if (fp->fptr >= fp->obj.objsize) {      /* Avoid silly cache filling on the growing edge */
                                if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fs->winsect = sect;
                        }
#else
                        if (fp->sect != sect &&                 /* Fill sector cache with file data */
                                fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize &&
                                disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }
#endif
                        fp->sect = sect;
                }
                wcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);        /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
                if (wcnt > btw) wcnt = btw;                                     /* Clip it by btw if needed */
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
                memcpy(fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt);       /* Fit data to the sector */
                fs->wflag = 1;
#else
                memcpy(fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt);       /* Fit data to the sector */
                fp->flag |= FA_DIRTY;
#endif
        }

        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;                                /* Set file change flag */

        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize the File                                                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_sync (
        FIL* fp         /* Open file to be synced */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DWORD tm;
        BYTE *dir;


        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the file object */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                if (fp->flag & FA_MODIFIED) {   /* Is there any change to the file? */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
                        if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back cached data if needed */
                                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                        }
#endif
                        /* Update the directory entry */
                        tm = GET_FATTIME();                             /* Modified time */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                res = fill_first_frag(&fp->obj);        /* Fill first fragment on the FAT if needed */
                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                        res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
                                }
                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                        DIR dj;
                                        DEF_NAMBUF

                                        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                                        res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &fp->obj);     /* Load directory entry block */
                                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                                /* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                                                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = fp->obj.stat | 1;   /* Update file allocation information */
                                                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, fp->obj.sclust);            /* Update start cluster */
                                                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, fp->obj.objsize);          /* Update file size */
                                                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, fp->obj.objsize);     /* (FatFs does not support Valid File Size feature) */
                                                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);                /* Update modified time */
                                                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                                                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_AccTime, 0);
                                                res = store_xdir(&dj);  /* Restore it to the directory */
                                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                                                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                                                }
                                        }
                                        FREE_NAMBUF();
                                }
                        } else
#endif
                        {
                                res = move_window(fs, fp->dir_sect);
                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                        dir = fp->dir_ptr;
                                        dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                                                /* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                                        st_clust(fp->obj.fs, dir, fp->obj.sclust);              /* Update file allocation information  */
                                        st_dword(dir + DIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fp->obj.objsize);   /* Update file size */
                                        st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);                                /* Update modified time */
                                        st_word(dir + DIR_LstAccDate, 0);
                                        fs->wflag = 1;
                                        res = sync_fs(fs);                                      /* Restore it to the directory */
                                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_close (
        FIL* fp         /* Open file to be closed */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        res = f_sync(fp);                                       /* Flush cached data */
        if (res == FR_OK)
#endif
        {
                res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Lock volume */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                        res = dec_share(fp->obj.lockid);                /* Decrement file open counter */
                        if (res == FR_OK) fp->obj.fs = 0;       /* Invalidate file object */
#else
                        fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
                        unlock_volume(fs, FR_OK);               /* Unlock volume */
#endif
                }
        }
        return res;
}




#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Current Directory or Current Drive, Get Current Directory      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chdrive (
        const TCHAR* path               /* Drive number to set */
)
{
        int vol;


        /* Get logical drive number */
        vol = get_ldnumber(&path);
        if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
        CurrVol = (BYTE)vol;    /* Set it as current volume */

        return FR_OK;
}



FRESULT f_chdir (
        const TCHAR* path       /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2
        UINT i;
#endif
        FRESULT res;
        DIR dj;
        FATFS *fs;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        /* Get logical drive */
        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dj.obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);           /* Follow the path */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                                     /* Follow completed */
                        if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {        /* Is it the start directory itself? */
                                fs->cdir = dj.obj.sclust;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                        fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.c_scl;
                                        fs->cdc_size = dj.obj.c_size;
                                        fs->cdc_ofs = dj.obj.c_ofs;
                                }
#endif
                        } else {
                                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {     /* It is a sub-directory */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                                fs->cdir = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);         /* Sub-directory cluster */
                                                fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.sclust;                                            /* Save containing directory information */
                                                fs->cdc_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                                                fs->cdc_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                                        } else
#endif
                                        {
                                                fs->cdir = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);                                        /* Sub-directory cluster */
                                        }
                                } else {
                                        res = FR_NO_PATH;               /* Reached but a file */
                                }
                        }
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_NO_PATH;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2       /* Also current drive is changed if in Unix style volume ID */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        for (i = FF_VOLUMES - 1; i && fs != FatFs[i]; i--) ;    /* Set current drive */
                        CurrVol = (BYTE)i;
                }
#endif
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}


#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
FRESULT f_getcwd (
        TCHAR* buff,    /* Pointer to the directory path */
        UINT len                /* Size of buff in unit of TCHAR */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        DIR dj;
        FATFS *fs;
        UINT i, n;
        DWORD ccl;
        TCHAR *tp = buff;
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2
        UINT vl;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
        const char *vp;
#endif
#endif
        FILINFO fno;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        /* Get logical drive */
        buff[0] = 0;    /* Set null string to get current volume */
        res = mount_volume((const TCHAR**)&buff, &fs, 0);       /* Get current volume */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dj.obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);

                /* Follow parent directories and create the path */
                i = len;                        /* Bottom of buffer (directory stack base) */
                if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {  /* (Cannot do getcwd on exFAT and returns root path) */
                        dj.obj.sclust = fs->cdir;                               /* Start to follow upper directory from current directory */
                        while ((ccl = dj.obj.sclust) != 0) {    /* Repeat while current directory is a sub-directory */
                                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 1 * SZDIRE); /* Get parent directory */
                                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                res = move_window(fs, dj.sect);
                                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                dj.obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);   /* Goto parent directory */
                                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
                                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                do {                                                    /* Find the entry links to the child directory */
                                        res = DIR_READ_FILE(&dj);
                                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                        if (ccl == ld_clust(fs, dj.dir)) break; /* Found the entry */
                                        res = dir_next(&dj, 0);
                                } while (res == FR_OK);
                                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;/* It cannot be 'not found'. */
                                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                get_fileinfo(&dj, &fno);                /* Get the directory name and push it to the buffer */
                                for (n = 0; fno.fname[n]; n++) ;        /* Name length */
                                if (i < n + 1) {        /* Insufficient space to store the path name? */
                                        res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; break;
                                }
                                while (n) buff[--i] = fno.fname[--n];   /* Stack the name */
                                buff[--i] = '/';
                        }
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        if (i == len) buff[--i] = '/';  /* Is it the root-directory? */
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2                     /* Put drive prefix */
                        vl = 0;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID >= 1       /* String volume ID */
                        for (n = 0, vp = (const char*)VolumeStr[CurrVol]; vp[n]; n++) ;
                        if (i >= n + 2) {
                                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2) *tp++ = (TCHAR)'/';
                                for (vl = 0; vl < n; *tp++ = (TCHAR)vp[vl], vl++) ;
                                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1) *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                                vl++;
                        }
#else                                           /* Numeric volume ID */
                        if (i >= 3) {
                                *tp++ = (TCHAR)'0' + CurrVol;
                                *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                                vl = 2;
                        }
#endif
                        if (vl == 0) res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
#endif
                        /* Add current directory path */
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                do {    /* Copy stacked path string */
                                        *tp++ = buff[i++];
                                } while (i < len);
                        }
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
        }

        *tp = 0;
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */
#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 1 */



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Seek File Read/Write Pointer                                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_lseek (
        FIL* fp,                /* Pointer to the file object */
        FSIZE_t ofs             /* File pointer from top of file */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DWORD clst, bcs;
        LBA_t nsect;
        FSIZE_t ifptr;
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
        DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, tlen, ulen;
        DWORD *tbl;
        LBA_t dsc;
#endif

        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);          /* Check validity of the file object */
        if (res == FR_OK) res = (FRESULT)fp->err;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
        if (res == FR_OK && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
        }
#endif
        if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);

#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
        if (fp->cltbl) {        /* Fast seek */
                if (ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP) {    /* Create CLMT */
                        tbl = fp->cltbl;
                        tlen = *tbl++; ulen = 2;        /* Given table size and required table size */
                        cl = fp->obj.sclust;            /* Origin of the chain */
                        if (cl != 0) {
                                do {
                                        /* Get a fragment */
                                        tcl = cl; ncl = 0; ulen += 2;   /* Top, length and used items */
                                        do {
                                                pcl = cl; ncl++;
                                                cl = get_fat(&fp->obj, cl);
                                                if (cl <= 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                                if (cl == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                        } while (cl == pcl + 1);
                                        if (ulen <= tlen) {             /* Store the length and top of the fragment */
                                                *tbl++ = ncl; *tbl++ = tcl;
                                        }
                                } while (cl < fs->n_fatent);    /* Repeat until end of chain */
                        }
                        *fp->cltbl = ulen;      /* Number of items used */
                        if (ulen <= tlen) {
                                *tbl = 0;               /* Terminate table */
                        } else {
                                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;       /* Given table size is smaller than required */
                        }
                } else {                                                /* Fast seek */
                        if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize) ofs = fp->obj.objsize;       /* Clip offset at the file size */
                        fp->fptr = ofs;                         /* Set file pointer */
                        if (ofs > 0) {
                                fp->clust = clmt_clust(fp, ofs - 1);
                                dsc = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);
                                if (dsc == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                dsc += (DWORD)((ofs - 1) / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);
                                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && dsc != fp->sect) {     /* Refill sector cache if needed */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                                        if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {              /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                                                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                                        }
#endif
                                        if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);     /* Load current sector */
#endif
                                        fp->sect = dsc;
                                }
                        }
                }
        } else
#endif

        /* Normal Seek */
        {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && ofs >= 0x100000000) ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Clip at 4 GiB - 1 if at FATxx */
#endif
                if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize && (FF_FS_READONLY || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))) {      /* In read-only mode, clip offset with the file size */
                        ofs = fp->obj.objsize;
                }
                ifptr = fp->fptr;
                fp->fptr = nsect = 0;
                if (ofs > 0) {
                        bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);        /* Cluster size (byte) */
                        if (ifptr > 0 &&
                                (ofs - 1) / bcs >= (ifptr - 1) / bcs) { /* When seek to same or following cluster, */
                                fp->fptr = (ifptr - 1) & ~(FSIZE_t)(bcs - 1);   /* start from the current cluster */
                                ofs -= fp->fptr;
                                clst = fp->clust;
                        } else {                                                                        /* When seek to back cluster, */
                                clst = fp->obj.sclust;                                  /* start from the first cluster */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                                if (clst == 0) {                                                /* If no cluster chain, create a new chain */
                                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);
                                        if (clst == 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                        fp->obj.sclust = clst;
                                }
#endif
                                fp->clust = clst;
                        }
                        if (clst != 0) {
                                while (ofs > bcs) {                                             /* Cluster following loop */
                                        ofs -= bcs; fp->fptr += bcs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                                        if (fp->flag & FA_WRITE) {                      /* Check if in write mode or not */
                                                if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) {        /* No FAT chain object needs correct objsize to generate FAT value */
                                                        fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
                                                        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                                                }
                                                clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, clst);    /* Follow chain with forceed stretch */
                                                if (clst == 0) {                                /* Clip file size in case of disk full */
                                                        ofs = 0; break;
                                                }
                                        } else
#endif
                                        {
                                                clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow cluster chain if not in write mode */
                                        }
                                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                        if (clst <= 1 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                        fp->clust = clst;
                                }
                                fp->fptr += ofs;
                                if (ofs % SS(fs)) {
                                        nsect = clst2sect(fs, clst);    /* Current sector */
                                        if (nsect == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                        nsect += (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (!FF_FS_READONLY && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) {    /* Set file change flag if the file size is extended */
                        fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
                        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                }
                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && nsect != fp->sect) {   /* Fill sector cache if needed */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                        if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {                      /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                        }
#endif
                        if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);   /* Fill sector cache */
#endif
                        fp->sect = nsect;
                }
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory Object                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_opendir (
        DIR* dp,                        /* Pointer to directory object to create */
        const TCHAR* path       /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        if (!dp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

        /* Get logical drive */
        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dp->obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                res = follow_path(dp, path);                    /* Follow the path to the directory */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                                             /* Follow completed */
                        if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)) {    /* It is not the origin directory itself */
                                if (dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR) {            /* This object is a sub-directory */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                                dp->obj.c_scl = dp->obj.sclust; /* Get containing directory inforamation */
                                                dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                                                dp->obj.c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                                                init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj);  /* Get object allocation info */
                                        } else
#endif
                                        {
                                                dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dp->dir); /* Get object allocation info */
                                        }
                                } else {                                                /* This object is a file */
                                        res = FR_NO_PATH;
                                }
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                dp->obj.id = fs->id;
                                res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);                   /* Rewind directory */
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                        if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) {
                                                dp->obj.lockid = inc_share(dp, 0);      /* Lock the sub directory */
                                                if (!dp->obj.lockid) res = FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
                                        } else {
                                                dp->obj.lockid = 0;     /* Root directory need not to be locked */
                                        }
                                }
#endif
                        }
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_NO_PATH;
        }
        if (res != FR_OK) dp->obj.fs = 0;               /* Invalidate the directory object if function failed */

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close Directory                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_closedir (
        DIR *dp         /* Pointer to the directory object to be closed */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;


        res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the file object */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                if (dp->obj.lockid) res = dec_share(dp->obj.lockid);    /* Decrement sub-directory open counter */
                if (res == FR_OK) dp->obj.fs = 0;       /* Invalidate directory object */
#else
                dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate directory object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
                unlock_volume(fs, FR_OK);       /* Unlock volume */
#endif
        }
        return res;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read Directory Entries in Sequence                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_readdir (
        DIR* dp,                        /* Pointer to the open directory object */
        FILINFO* fno            /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the directory object */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                if (!fno) {
                        res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);           /* Rewind the directory object */
                } else {
                        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                        res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp);                /* Read an item */
                        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK;     /* Ignore end of directory */
                        if (res == FR_OK) {                             /* A valid entry is found */
                                get_fileinfo(dp, fno);          /* Get the object information */
                                res = dir_next(dp, 0);          /* Increment index for next */
                                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK;     /* Ignore end of directory now */
                        }
                        FREE_NAMBUF();
                }
        }
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if FF_USE_FIND
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find Next File                                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findnext (
        DIR* dp,                /* Pointer to the open directory object */
        FILINFO* fno    /* Pointer to the file information structure */
)
{
        FRESULT res;


        for (;;) {
                res = f_readdir(dp, fno);               /* Get a directory item */
                if (res != FR_OK || !fno || !fno->fname[0]) break;      /* Terminate if any error or end of directory */
                if (pattern_match(dp->pat, fno->fname, 0, FIND_RECURS)) break;          /* Test for the file name */
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_USE_FIND == 2
                if (pattern_match(dp->pat, fno->altname, 0, FIND_RECURS)) break;        /* Test for alternative name if exist */
#endif
        }
        return res;
}



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find First File                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findfirst (
        DIR* dp,                                /* Pointer to the blank directory object */
        FILINFO* fno,                   /* Pointer to the file information structure */
        const TCHAR* path,              /* Pointer to the directory to open */
        const TCHAR* pattern    /* Pointer to the matching pattern */
)
{
        FRESULT res;


        dp->pat = pattern;              /* Save pointer to pattern string */
        res = f_opendir(dp, path);              /* Open the target directory */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = f_findnext(dp, fno);      /* Find the first item */
        }
        return res;
}

#endif  /* FF_USE_FIND */



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get File Status                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_stat (
        const TCHAR* path,      /* Pointer to the file path */
        FILINFO* fno            /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        DIR dj;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        /* Get logical drive */
        res = mount_volume(&path, &dj.obj.fs, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                INIT_NAMBUF(dj.obj.fs);
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                             /* Follow completed */
                        if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {        /* It is origin directory */
                                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
                        } else {                                                        /* Found an object */
                                if (fno) get_fileinfo(&dj, fno);
                        }
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
        }

        LEAVE_FF(dj.obj.fs, res);
}



#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Number of Free Clusters                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getfree (
        const TCHAR* path,      /* Logical drive number */
        DWORD* nclst,           /* Pointer to a variable to return number of free clusters */
        FATFS** fatfs           /* Pointer to return pointer to corresponding filesystem object */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DWORD nfree, clst, stat;
        LBA_t sect;
        UINT i;
        FFOBJID obj;


        /* Get logical drive */
        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                *fatfs = fs;                            /* Return ptr to the fs object */
                /* If free_clst is valid, return it without full FAT scan */
                if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
                        *nclst = fs->free_clst;
                } else {
                        /* Scan FAT to obtain number of free clusters */
                        nfree = 0;
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT12) {  /* FAT12: Scan bit field FAT entries */
                                clst = 2; obj.fs = fs;
                                do {
                                        stat = get_fat(&obj, clst);
                                        if (stat == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                                                res = FR_DISK_ERR; break;
                                        }
                                        if (stat == 1) {
                                                res = FR_INT_ERR; break;
                                        }
                                        if (stat == 0) nfree++;
                                } while (++clst < fs->n_fatent);
                        } else {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* exFAT: Scan allocation bitmap */
                                        BYTE bm;
                                        UINT b;

                                        clst = fs->n_fatent - 2;        /* Number of clusters */
                                        sect = fs->bitbase;                     /* Bitmap sector */
                                        i = 0;                                          /* Offset in the sector */
                                        do {    /* Counts numbuer of bits with zero in the bitmap */
                                                if (i == 0) {   /* New sector? */
                                                        res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                                                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                                }
                                                for (b = 8, bm = ~fs->win[i]; b && clst; b--, clst--) {
                                                        nfree += bm & 1;
                                                        bm >>= 1;
                                                }
                                                i = (i + 1) % SS(fs);
                                        } while (clst);
                                } else
#endif
                                {       /* FAT16/32: Scan WORD/DWORD FAT entries */
                                        clst = fs->n_fatent;    /* Number of entries */
                                        sect = fs->fatbase;             /* Top of the FAT */
                                        i = 0;                                  /* Offset in the sector */
                                        do {    /* Counts numbuer of entries with zero in the FAT */
                                                if (i == 0) {   /* New sector? */
                                                        res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                                                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                                }
                                                if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT16) {
                                                        if (ld_word(fs->win + i) == 0) nfree++;
                                                        i += 2;
                                                } else {
                                                        if ((ld_dword(fs->win + i) & 0x0FFFFFFF) == 0) nfree++;
                                                        i += 4;
                                                }
                                                i %= SS(fs);
                                        } while (--clst);
                                }
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {             /* Update parameters if succeeded */
                                *nclst = nfree;                 /* Return the free clusters */
                                fs->free_clst = nfree;  /* Now free_clst is valid */
                                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;              /* FAT32: FSInfo is to be updated */
                        }
                }
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Truncate File                                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_truncate (
        FIL* fp         /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DWORD ncl;


        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the file object */
        if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
        if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */

        if (fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize) {       /* Process when fptr is not on the eof */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {    /* When set file size to zero, remove entire cluster chain */
                        res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
                        fp->obj.sclust = 0;
                } else {                                /* When truncate a part of the file, remove remaining clusters */
                        ncl = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
                        res = FR_OK;
                        if (ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                        if (ncl == 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;
                        if (res == FR_OK && ncl < fs->n_fatent) {
                                res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, ncl, fp->clust);
                        }
                }
                fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;     /* Set file size to current read/write point */
                fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
#if !FF_FS_TINY
                if (res == FR_OK && (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)) {
                        if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                        } else {
                                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                        }
                }
#endif
                if (res != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, res);
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Delete a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_unlink (
        const TCHAR* path               /* Pointer to the file or directory path */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DIR dj, sdj;
        DWORD dclst = 0;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        FFOBJID obj;
#endif
        DEF_NAMBUF


        /* Get logical drive */
        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dj.obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);           /* Follow the file path */
                if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {
                        res = FR_INVALID_NAME;                  /* Cannot remove dot entry */
                }
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                if (res == FR_OK) res = chk_share(&dj, 2);      /* Check if it is an open object */
#endif
                if (res == FR_OK) {                                     /* The object is accessible */
                        if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {
                                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;          /* Cannot remove the origin directory */
                        } else {
                                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO) {
                                        res = FR_DENIED;                /* Cannot remove R/O object */
                                }
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                obj.fs = fs;
                                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                        init_alloc_info(fs, &obj);
                                        dclst = obj.sclust;
                                } else
#endif
                                {
                                        dclst = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);
                                }
                                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {                     /* Is it a sub-directory? */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
                                        if (dclst == fs->cdir) {                /* Is it the current directory? */
                                                res = FR_DENIED;
                                        } else
#endif
                                        {
                                                sdj.obj.fs = fs;                        /* Open the sub-directory */
                                                sdj.obj.sclust = dclst;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                                        sdj.obj.objsize = obj.objsize;
                                                        sdj.obj.stat = obj.stat;
                                                }
#endif
                                                res = dir_sdi(&sdj, 0);
                                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                        res = DIR_READ_FILE(&sdj);                      /* Test if the directory is empty */
                                                        if (res == FR_OK) res = FR_DENIED;      /* Not empty? */
                                                        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK;     /* Empty? */
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                res = dir_remove(&dj);                  /* Remove the directory entry */
                                if (res == FR_OK && dclst != 0) {       /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                        res = remove_chain(&obj, dclst, 0);
#else
                                        res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, dclst, 0);
#endif
                                }
                                if (res == FR_OK) res = sync_fs(fs);
                        }
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mkdir (
        const TCHAR* path               /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DIR dj;
        FFOBJID sobj;
        DWORD dcl, pcl, tm;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);       /* Get logical drive */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dj.obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);                   /* Follow the file path */
                if (res == FR_OK) res = FR_EXIST;               /* Name collision? */
                if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_NO_FILE && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {     /* Invalid name? */
                        res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                                /* It is clear to create a new directory */
                        sobj.fs = fs;                                           /* New object id to create a new chain */
                        dcl = create_chain(&sobj, 0);           /* Allocate a cluster for the new directory */
                        res = FR_OK;
                        if (dcl == 0) res = FR_DENIED;          /* No space to allocate a new cluster? */
                        if (dcl == 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;         /* Any insanity? */
                        if (dcl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;       /* Disk error? */
                        tm = GET_FATTIME();
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                res = dir_clear(fs, dcl);               /* Clean up the new table */
                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {  /* Create dot entries (FAT only) */
                                                memset(fs->win + DIR_Name, ' ', 11);    /* Create "." entry */
                                                fs->win[DIR_Name] = '.';
                                                fs->win[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;
                                                st_dword(fs->win + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                                                st_clust(fs, fs->win, dcl);
                                                memcpy(fs->win + SZDIRE, fs->win, SZDIRE);      /* Create ".." entry */
                                                fs->win[SZDIRE + 1] = '.'; pcl = dj.obj.sclust;
                                                st_clust(fs, fs->win + SZDIRE, pcl);
                                                fs->wflag = 1;
                                        }
                                        res = dir_register(&dj);        /* Register the object to the parent directoy */
                                }
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* Initialize directory entry block */
                                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);        /* Created time */
                                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, dcl);       /* Table start cluster */
                                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs));        /* Directory size needs to be valid */
                                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs));
                                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 3;                          /* Initialize the object flag */
                                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;                         /* Attribute */
                                        res = store_xdir(&dj);
                                } else
#endif
                                {
                                        st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);     /* Created time */
                                        st_clust(fs, dj.dir, dcl);                      /* Table start cluster */
                                        dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;                      /* Attribute */
                                        fs->wflag = 1;
                                }
                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                                }
                        } else {
                                remove_chain(&sobj, dcl, 0);            /* Could not register, remove the allocated cluster */
                        }
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Rename a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_rename (
        const TCHAR* path_old,  /* Pointer to the object name to be renamed */
        const TCHAR* path_new   /* Pointer to the new name */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DIR djo, djn;
        BYTE buf[FF_FS_EXFAT ? SZDIRE * 2 : SZDIRE], *dir;
        LBA_t sect;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        get_ldnumber(&path_new);                                                /* Snip the drive number of new name off */
        res = mount_volume(&path_old, &fs, FA_WRITE);   /* Get logical drive of the old object */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                djo.obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                res = follow_path(&djo, path_old);                      /* Check old object */
                if (res == FR_OK && (djo.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME;     /* Check validity of name */
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        res = chk_share(&djo, 2);
                }
#endif
                if (res == FR_OK) {                                     /* Object to be renamed is found */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* At exFAT volume */
                                BYTE nf, nn;
                                WORD nh;

                                memcpy(buf, fs->dirbuf, SZDIRE * 2);    /* Save 85+C0 entry of old object */
                                memcpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof djo);
                                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);              /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                                if (res == FR_OK) {                                             /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                                        res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                                }
                                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                                /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                                        res = dir_register(&djn);                       /* Register the new entry */
                                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                nf = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec]; nn = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName];
                                                nh = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash);
                                                memcpy(fs->dirbuf, buf, SZDIRE * 2);    /* Restore 85+C0 entry */
                                                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec] = nf; fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] = nn;
                                                st_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash, nh);
                                                if (!(fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC; /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
/* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                                                res = store_xdir(&djn);
                                        }
                                }
                        } else
#endif
                        {       /* At FAT/FAT32 volume */
                                memcpy(buf, djo.dir, SZDIRE);                   /* Save directory entry of the object */
                                memcpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof (DIR));               /* Duplicate the directory object */
                                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);              /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                                if (res == FR_OK) {                                             /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                                        res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                                }
                                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                                /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                                        res = dir_register(&djn);                       /* Register the new entry */
                                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                dir = djn.dir;                                  /* Copy directory entry of the object except name */
                                                memcpy(dir + 13, buf + 13, SZDIRE - 13);
                                                dir[DIR_Attr] = buf[DIR_Attr];
                                                if (!(dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC; /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
                                                fs->wflag = 1;
                                                if ((dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) && djo.obj.sclust != djn.obj.sclust) {     /* Update .. entry in the sub-directory if needed */
                                                        sect = clst2sect(fs, ld_clust(fs, dir));
                                                        if (sect == 0) {
                                                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                                                        } else {
/* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                                                                res = move_window(fs, sect);
                                                                dir = fs->win + SZDIRE * 1;     /* Ptr to .. entry */
                                                                if (res == FR_OK && dir[1] == '.') {
                                                                        st_clust(fs, dir, djn.obj.sclust);
                                                                        fs->wflag = 1;
                                                                }
                                                        }
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                res = dir_remove(&djo);         /* Remove old entry */
                                if (res == FR_OK) {
                                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                                }
                        }
/* End of the critical section */
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 */



#if FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Attribute                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chmod (
        const TCHAR* path,      /* Pointer to the file path */
        BYTE attr,                      /* Attribute bits */
        BYTE mask                       /* Attribute mask to change */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DIR dj;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);       /* Get logical drive */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dj.obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
                if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME;      /* Check object validity */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        mask &= AM_RDO|AM_HID|AM_SYS|AM_ARC;    /* Valid attribute mask */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask);  /* Apply attribute change */
                                res = store_xdir(&dj);
                        } else
#endif
                        {
                                dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (dj.dir[DIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask);    /* Apply attribute change */
                                fs->wflag = 1;
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                res = sync_fs(fs);
                        }
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Timestamp                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_utime (
        const TCHAR* path,      /* Pointer to the file/directory name */
        const FILINFO* fno      /* Pointer to the timestamp to be set */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DIR dj;
        DEF_NAMBUF


        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);       /* Get logical drive */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                dj.obj.fs = fs;
                INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
                if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME;      /* Check object validity */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                                res = store_xdir(&dj);
                        } else
#endif
                        {
                                st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                                fs->wflag = 1;
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                res = sync_fs(fs);
                        }
                }
                FREE_NAMBUF();
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif  /* FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if FF_USE_LABEL
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getlabel (
        const TCHAR* path,      /* Logical drive number */
        TCHAR* label,           /* Buffer to store the volume label */
        DWORD* vsn                      /* Variable to store the volume serial number */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DIR dj;
        UINT si, di;
        WCHAR wc;

        /* Get logical drive */
        res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

        /* Get volume label */
        if (res == FR_OK && label) {
                dj.obj.fs = fs; dj.obj.sclust = 0;      /* Open root directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj);              /* Find a volume label entry */
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                        WCHAR hs;
                                        UINT nw;

                                        for (si = di = hs = 0; si < dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel]; si++) {      /* Extract volume label from 83 entry */
                                                wc = ld_word(dj.dir + XDIR_Label + si * 2);
                                                if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {       /* Is the code a surrogate? */
                                                        hs = wc; continue;
                                                }
                                                nw = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &label[di], 4);      /* Store it in API encoding */
                                                if (nw == 0) {          /* Encode error? */
                                                        di = 0; break;
                                                }
                                                di += nw;
                                                hs = 0;
                                        }
                                        if (hs != 0) di = 0;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                                        label[di] = 0;
                                } else
#endif
                                {
                                        si = di = 0;            /* Extract volume label from AM_VOL entry */
                                        while (si < 11) {
                                                wc = dj.dir[si++];
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1   /* Unicode output */
                                                if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si < 11) wc = wc << 8 | dj.dir[si++];  /* Is it a DBC? */
                                                wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);          /* Convert it into Unicode */
                                                if (wc == 0) {          /* Invalid char in current code page? */
                                                        di = 0; break;
                                                }
                                                di += put_utf(wc, &label[di], 4);       /* Store it in Unicode */
#else                                                                   /* ANSI/OEM output */
                                                label[di++] = (TCHAR)wc;
#endif
                                        }
                                        do {                            /* Truncate trailing spaces */
                                                label[di] = 0;
                                                if (di == 0) break;
                                        } while (label[--di] == ' ');
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {        /* No label entry and return nul string */
                        label[0] = 0;
                        res = FR_OK;
                }
        }

        /* Get volume serial number */
        if (res == FR_OK && vsn) {
                res = move_window(fs, fs->volbase);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        switch (fs->fs_type) {
                        case FS_EXFAT:
                                di = BPB_VolIDEx;
                                break;

                        case FS_FAT32:
                                di = BS_VolID32;
                                break;

                        default:
                                di = BS_VolID;
                        }
                        *vsn = ld_dword(fs->win + di);
                }
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setlabel (
        const TCHAR* label      /* Volume label to set with heading logical drive number */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DIR dj;
        BYTE dirvn[22];
        UINT di;
        WCHAR wc;
        static const char badchr[18] = "+.,;=[]" "/*:<>|\\\"\?\x7F";    /* [0..16] for FAT, [7..16] for exFAT */
#if FF_USE_LFN
        DWORD dc;
#endif

        /* Get logical drive */
        res = mount_volume(&label, &fs, FA_WRITE);
        if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
                memset(dirvn, 0, 22);
                di = 0;
                while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') {   /* Create volume label */
                        dc = tchar2uni(&label); /* Get a Unicode character */
                        if (dc >= 0x10000) {
                                if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF || di >= 10) {     /* Wrong surrogate or buffer overflow */
                                        dc = 0;
                                } else {
                                        st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)(dc >> 16)); di++;
                                }
                        }
                        if (dc == 0 || strchr(&badchr[7], (int)dc) || di >= 11) {       /* Check validity of the volume label */
                                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
                        }
                        st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)dc); di++;
                }
        } else
#endif
        {       /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
                memset(dirvn, ' ', 11);
                di = 0;
                while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') {   /* Create volume label */
#if FF_USE_LFN
                        dc = tchar2uni(&label);
                        wc = (dc < 0x10000) ? ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(dc), CODEPAGE) : 0;
#else                                                                   /* ANSI/OEM input */
                        wc = (BYTE)*label++;
                        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) wc = dbc_2nd((BYTE)*label) ? wc << 8 | (BYTE)*label++ : 0;
                        if (IsLower(wc)) wc -= 0x20;            /* To upper ASCII characters */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
                        if (ExCvt && wc >= 0x80) wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
                        if (wc >= 0x80) wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80];  /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#endif
#endif
                        if (wc == 0 || strchr(&badchr[0], (int)wc) || di >= (UINT)((wc >= 0x100) ? 10 : 11)) {  /* Reject invalid characters for volume label */
                                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
                        }
                        if (wc >= 0x100) dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
                        dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)wc;
                }
                if (dirvn[0] == DDEM) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);    /* Reject illegal name (heading DDEM) */
                while (di && dirvn[di - 1] == ' ') di--;                                /* Snip trailing spaces */
        }

        /* Set volume label */
        dj.obj.fs = fs; dj.obj.sclust = 0;      /* Open root directory */
        res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj);      /* Get volume label entry */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di;       /* Change the volume label */
                                memcpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
                        } else {
                                if (di != 0) {
                                        memcpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);      /* Change the volume label */
                                } else {
                                        dj.dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;        /* Remove the volume label */
                                }
                        }
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                } else {                        /* No volume label entry or an error */
                        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                                res = FR_OK;
                                if (di != 0) {  /* Create a volume label entry */
                                        res = dir_alloc(&dj, 1);        /* Allocate an entry */
                                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                memset(dj.dir, 0, SZDIRE);      /* Clean the entry */
                                                if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                                                        dj.dir[XDIR_Type] = ET_VLABEL;  /* Create volume label entry */
                                                        dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di;
                                                        memcpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
                                                } else {
                                                        dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_VOL;              /* Create volume label entry */
                                                        memcpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);
                                                }
                                                fs->wflag = 1;
                                                res = sync_fs(fs);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_LABEL */



#if FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Allocate a Contiguous Blocks to the File                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_expand (
        FIL* fp,                /* Pointer to the file object */
        FSIZE_t fsz,    /* File size to be expanded to */
        BYTE opt                /* Operation mode 0:Find and prepare or 1:Find and allocate */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DWORD n, clst, stcl, scl, ncl, tcl, lclst;


        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);          /* Check validity of the file object */
        if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
        if (fsz == 0 || fp->obj.objsize != 0 || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && fsz >= 0x100000000) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);     /* Check if in size limit */
#endif
        n = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);  /* Cluster size */
        tcl = (DWORD)(fsz / n) + ((fsz & (n - 1)) ? 1 : 0);     /* Number of clusters required */
        stcl = fs->last_clst; lclst = 0;
        if (stcl < 2 || stcl >= fs->n_fatent) stcl = 2;

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                scl = find_bitmap(fs, stcl, tcl);                       /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
                if (scl == 0) res = FR_DENIED;                          /* No contiguous cluster block was found */
                if (scl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                if (res == FR_OK) {     /* A contiguous free area is found */
                        if (opt) {              /* Allocate it now */
                                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, tcl, 1);   /* Mark the cluster block 'in use' */
                                lclst = scl + tcl - 1;
                        } else {                /* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
                                lclst = scl - 1;
                        }
                }
        } else
#endif
        {
                scl = clst = stcl; ncl = 0;
                for (;;) {      /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
                        n = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
                        if (++clst >= fs->n_fatent) clst = 2;
                        if (n == 1) {
                                res = FR_INT_ERR; break;
                        }
                        if (n == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                                res = FR_DISK_ERR; break;
                        }
                        if (n == 0) {   /* Is it a free cluster? */
                                if (++ncl == tcl) break;        /* Break if a contiguous cluster block is found */
                        } else {
                                scl = clst; ncl = 0;            /* Not a free cluster */
                        }
                        if (clst == stcl) {             /* No contiguous cluster? */
                                res = FR_DENIED; break;
                        }
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {     /* A contiguous free area is found */
                        if (opt) {              /* Allocate it now */
                                for (clst = scl, n = tcl; n; clst++, n--) {     /* Create a cluster chain on the FAT */
                                        res = put_fat(fs, clst, (n == 1) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : clst + 1);
                                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                                        lclst = clst;
                                }
                        } else {                /* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
                                lclst = scl - 1;
                        }
                }
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) {
                fs->last_clst = lclst;          /* Set suggested start cluster to start next */
                if (opt) {      /* Is it allocated now? */
                        fp->obj.sclust = scl;           /* Update object allocation information */
                        fp->obj.objsize = fsz;
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT) fp->obj.stat = 2;      /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
                        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {        /* Update FSINFO */
                                fs->free_clst -= tcl;
                                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
                        }
                }
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if FF_USE_FORWARD
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Forward Data to the Stream Directly                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_forward (
        FIL* fp,                                                /* Pointer to the file object */
        UINT (*func)(const BYTE*,UINT), /* Pointer to the streaming function */
        UINT btf,                                               /* Number of bytes to forward */
        UINT* bf                                                /* Pointer to number of bytes forwarded */
)
{
        FRESULT res;
        FATFS *fs;
        DWORD clst;
        LBA_t sect;
        FSIZE_t remain;
        UINT rcnt, csect;
        BYTE *dbuf;


        *bf = 0;        /* Clear transfer byte counter */
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);          /* Check validity of the file object */
        if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
        if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);     /* Check access mode */

        remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
        if (btf > remain) btf = (UINT)remain;                   /* Truncate btf by remaining bytes */

        for ( ; btf > 0 && (*func)(0, 0); fp->fptr += rcnt, *bf += rcnt, btf -= rcnt) { /* Repeat until all data transferred or stream goes busy */
                csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1));    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {                           /* On the sector boundary? */
                        if (csect == 0) {                                               /* On the cluster boundary? */
                                clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ?                        /* On the top of the file? */
                                        fp->obj.sclust : get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
                                if (clst <= 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->clust = clst;                                       /* Update current cluster */
                        }
                }
                sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);                        /* Get current data sector */
                if (sect == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                sect += csect;
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);     /* Move sector window to the file data */
                dbuf = fs->win;
#else
                if (fp->sect != sect) {         /* Fill sector cache with file data */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                        if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {              /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                        }
#endif
                        if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                dbuf = fp->buf;
#endif
                fp->sect = sect;
                rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);        /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
                if (rcnt > btf) rcnt = btf;                                     /* Clip it by btr if needed */
                rcnt = (*func)(dbuf + ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs)), rcnt); /* Forward the file data */
                if (rcnt == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        }

        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
#endif /* FF_USE_FORWARD */



#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create FAT/exFAT volume (with sub-functions)                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define N_SEC_TRACK 63                  /* Sectors per track for determination of drive CHS */
#define GPT_ALIGN       0x100000        /* Alignment of partitions in GPT [byte] (>=128KB) */
#define GPT_ITEMS       128                     /* Number of GPT table size (>=128, sector aligned) */


/* Create partitions on the physical drive in format of MBR or GPT */

static FRESULT create_partition (
        BYTE drv,                       /* Physical drive number */
        const LBA_t plst[],     /* Partition list */
        BYTE sys,                       /* System ID for each partition (for only MBR) */
        BYTE *buf                       /* Working buffer for a sector */
)
{
        UINT i, cy;
        LBA_t sz_drv;
        DWORD sz_drv32, nxt_alloc32, sz_part32;
        BYTE *pte;
        BYTE hd, n_hd, sc, n_sc;

        /* Get physical drive size */
        if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_drv) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;

#if FF_LBA64
        if (sz_drv >= FF_MIN_GPT) {     /* Create partitions in GPT format */
                WORD ss;
                UINT sz_ptbl, pi, si, ofs;
                DWORD bcc, rnd, align;
                QWORD nxt_alloc, sz_part, sz_pool, top_bpt;
                static const BYTE gpt_mbr[16] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0xEE, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};

#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
                if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;        /* Get sector size */
                if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) return FR_DISK_ERR;
#else
                ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif
                rnd = (DWORD)sz_drv + GET_FATTIME();    /* Random seed */
                align = GPT_ALIGN / ss;                         /* Partition alignment for GPT [sector] */
                sz_ptbl = GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss;     /* Size of partition table [sector] */
                top_bpt = sz_drv - sz_ptbl - 1;         /* Backup partition table start sector */
                nxt_alloc = 2 + sz_ptbl;                        /* First allocatable sector */
                sz_pool = top_bpt - nxt_alloc;          /* Size of allocatable area */
                bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; sz_part = 1;
                pi = si = 0;    /* partition table index, size table index */
                do {
                        if (pi * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) memset(buf, 0, ss); /* Clean the buffer if needed */
                        if (sz_part != 0) {                             /* Is the size table not termintated? */
                                nxt_alloc = (nxt_alloc + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align);       /* Align partition start */
                                sz_part = plst[si++];           /* Get a partition size */
                                if (sz_part <= 100) {           /* Is the size in percentage? */
                                        sz_part = sz_pool * sz_part / 100;
                                        sz_part = (sz_part + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align);   /* Align partition end (only if in percentage) */
                                }
                                if (nxt_alloc + sz_part > top_bpt) {    /* Clip the size at end of the pool */
                                        sz_part = (nxt_alloc < top_bpt) ? top_bpt - nxt_alloc : 0;
                                }
                        }
                        if (sz_part != 0) {                             /* Add a partition? */
                                ofs = pi * SZ_GPTE % ss;
                                memcpy(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16);     /* Set partition GUID (Microsoft Basic Data) */
                                rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + ofs + GPTE_UpGuid, 16);      /* Set unique partition GUID */
                                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba, nxt_alloc);           /* Set partition start sector */
                                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba, nxt_alloc + sz_part - 1);     /* Set partition end sector */
                                nxt_alloc += sz_part;                                                           /* Next allocatable sector */
                        }
                        if ((pi + 1) * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) {             /* Write the buffer if it is filled up */
                                for (i = 0; i < ss; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;       /* Calculate table check sum */
                                if (disk_write(drv, buf, 2 + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;               /* Write to primary table */
                                if (disk_write(drv, buf, top_bpt + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Write to secondary table */
                        }
                } while (++pi < GPT_ITEMS);

                /* Create primary GPT header */
                memset(buf, 0, ss);
                memcpy(buf + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART" "\0\0\1\0" "\x5C\0\0", 16);  /* Signature, version (1.0) and size (92) */
                st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtBcc, ~bcc);                       /* Table check sum */
                st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, 1);                         /* LBA of this header */
                st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, sz_drv - 1);        /* LBA of secondary header */
                st_qword(buf + GPTH_FstLba, 2 + sz_ptbl);       /* LBA of first allocatable sector */
                st_qword(buf + GPTH_LstLba, top_bpt - 1);       /* LBA of last allocatable sector */
                st_dword(buf + GPTH_PteSize, SZ_GPTE);          /* Size of a table entry */
                st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum, GPT_ITEMS);          /* Number of table entries */
                st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, 2);                          /* LBA of this table */
                rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + GPTH_DskGuid, 16);   /* Disk GUID */
                for (i = 0, bcc= 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;      /* Calculate header check sum */
                st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc);                         /* Header check sum */
                if (disk_write(drv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;

                /* Create secondary GPT header */
                st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, sz_drv - 1);        /* LBA of this header */
                st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, 1);                         /* LBA of primary header */
                st_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, top_bpt);            /* LBA of this table */
                st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, 0);
                for (i = 0, bcc= 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;      /* Calculate header check sum */
                st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc);                         /* Header check sum */
                if (disk_write(drv, buf, sz_drv - 1, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;

                /* Create protective MBR */
                memset(buf, 0, ss);
                memcpy(buf + MBR_Table, gpt_mbr, 16);           /* Create a GPT partition */
                st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
                if (disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;

        } else
#endif
        {       /* Create partitions in MBR format */
                sz_drv32 = (DWORD)sz_drv;
                n_sc = N_SEC_TRACK;                             /* Determine drive CHS without any consideration of the drive geometry */
                for (n_hd = 8; n_hd != 0 && sz_drv32 / n_hd / n_sc > 1024; n_hd *= 2) ;
                if (n_hd == 0) n_hd = 255;              /* Number of heads needs to be <256 */

                memset(buf, 0, FF_MAX_SS);              /* Clear MBR */
                pte = buf + MBR_Table;  /* Partition table in the MBR */
                for (i = 0, nxt_alloc32 = n_sc; i < 4 && nxt_alloc32 != 0 && nxt_alloc32 < sz_drv32; i++, nxt_alloc32 += sz_part32) {
                        sz_part32 = (DWORD)plst[i];     /* Get partition size */
                        if (sz_part32 <= 100) sz_part32 = (sz_part32 == 100) ? sz_drv32 : sz_drv32 / 100 * sz_part32;   /* Size in percentage? */
                        if (nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 > sz_drv32 || nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 < nxt_alloc32) sz_part32 = sz_drv32 - nxt_alloc32;    /* Clip at drive size */
                        if (sz_part32 == 0) break;      /* End of table or no sector to allocate? */

                        st_dword(pte + PTE_StLba, nxt_alloc32); /* Start LBA */
                        st_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba, sz_part32);  /* Number of sectors */
                        pte[PTE_System] = sys;                                  /* System type */

                        cy = (UINT)(nxt_alloc32 / n_sc / n_hd); /* Start cylinder */
                        hd = (BYTE)(nxt_alloc32 / n_sc % n_hd); /* Start head */
                        sc = (BYTE)(nxt_alloc32 % n_sc + 1);    /* Start sector */
                        pte[PTE_StHead] = hd;
                        pte[PTE_StSec] = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
                        pte[PTE_StCyl] = (BYTE)cy;

                        cy = (UINT)((nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 - 1) / n_sc / n_hd);       /* End cylinder */
                        hd = (BYTE)((nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 - 1) / n_sc % n_hd);       /* End head */
                        sc = (BYTE)((nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 - 1) % n_sc + 1);          /* End sector */
                        pte[PTE_EdHead] = hd;
                        pte[PTE_EdSec] = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
                        pte[PTE_EdCyl] = (BYTE)cy;

                        pte += SZ_PTE;          /* Next entry */
                }

                st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);         /* MBR signature */
                if (disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;   /* Write it to the MBR */
        }

        return FR_OK;
}



FRESULT f_mkfs (
        const TCHAR* path,              /* Logical drive number */
        const MKFS_PARM* opt,   /* Format options */
        void* work,                             /* Pointer to working buffer (null: use len bytes of heap memory) */
        UINT len                                /* Size of working buffer [byte] */
)
{
        static const WORD cst[] = {1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 512, 0};  /* Cluster size boundary for FAT volume (4Ks unit) */
        static const WORD cst32[] = {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 0};    /* Cluster size boundary for FAT32 volume (128Ks unit) */
        static const MKFS_PARM defopt = {FM_ANY, 0, 0, 0, 0};   /* Default parameter */
        BYTE fsopt, fsty, sys, pdrv, ipart;
        BYTE *buf;
        BYTE *pte;
        WORD ss;        /* Sector size */
        DWORD sz_buf, sz_blk, n_clst, pau, nsect, n, vsn;
        LBA_t sz_vol, b_vol, b_fat, b_data;             /* Size of volume, Base LBA of volume, fat, data */
        LBA_t sect, lba[2];
        DWORD sz_rsv, sz_fat, sz_dir, sz_au;    /* Size of reserved, fat, dir, data, cluster */
        UINT n_fat, n_root, i;                                  /* Index, Number of FATs and Number of roor dir entries */
        int vol;
        DSTATUS ds;
        FRESULT res;


        /* Check mounted drive and clear work area */
        vol = get_ldnumber(&path);                                      /* Get target logical drive */
        if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
        if (FatFs[vol]) FatFs[vol]->fs_type = 0;        /* Clear the fs object if mounted */
        pdrv = LD2PD(vol);              /* Hosting physical drive */
        ipart = LD2PT(vol);             /* Hosting partition (0:create as new, 1..:existing partition) */

        /* Initialize the hosting physical drive */
        ds = disk_initialize(pdrv);
        if (ds & STA_NOINIT) return FR_NOT_READY;
        if (ds & STA_PROTECT) return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;

        /* Get physical drive parameters (sz_drv, sz_blk and ss) */
        if (!opt) opt = &defopt;        /* Use default parameter if it is not given */
        sz_blk = opt->align;
        if (sz_blk == 0) disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &sz_blk);                                     /* Block size from the paramter or lower layer */
        if (sz_blk == 0 || sz_blk > 0x8000 || (sz_blk & (sz_blk - 1))) sz_blk = 1;      /* Use default if the block size is invalid */
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
        if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
        if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) return FR_DISK_ERR;
#else
        ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif

        /* Options for FAT sub-type and FAT parameters */
        fsopt = opt->fmt & (FM_ANY | FM_SFD);
        n_fat = (opt->n_fat >= 1 && opt->n_fat <= 2) ? opt->n_fat : 1;
        n_root = (opt->n_root >= 1 && opt->n_root <= 32768 && (opt->n_root % (ss / SZDIRE)) == 0) ? opt->n_root : 512;
        sz_au = (opt->au_size <= 0x1000000 && (opt->au_size & (opt->au_size - 1)) == 0) ? opt->au_size : 0;
        sz_au /= ss;    /* Byte --> Sector */

        /* Get working buffer */
        sz_buf = len / ss;              /* Size of working buffer [sector] */
        if (sz_buf == 0) return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
        buf = (BYTE*)work;              /* Working buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3
        if (!buf) buf = ff_memalloc(sz_buf * ss);       /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
#endif
        if (!buf) return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;

        /* Determine where the volume to be located (b_vol, sz_vol) */
        b_vol = sz_vol = 0;
        if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) { /* Is the volume associated with any specific partition? */
                /* Get partition location from the existing partition table */
                if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);      /* Load MBR */
                if (ld_word(buf + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);      /* Check if MBR is valid */
#if FF_LBA64
                if (buf[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) {      /* GPT protective MBR? */
                        DWORD n_ent, ofs;
                        QWORD pt_lba;

                        /* Get the partition location from GPT */
                        if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);      /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
                        if (!test_gpt_header(buf)) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Check if GPT header is valid */
                        n_ent = ld_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum);             /* Number of entries */
                        pt_lba = ld_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs);    /* Table start sector */
                        ofs = i = 0;
                        while (n_ent) {         /* Find MS Basic partition with order of ipart */
                                if (ofs == 0 && disk_read(pdrv, buf, pt_lba++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);   /* Get PT sector */
                                if (!memcmp(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16) && ++i == ipart) {      /* MS basic data partition? */
                                        b_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba);
                                        sz_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba) - b_vol + 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                                n_ent--; ofs = (ofs + SZ_GPTE) % ss;    /* Next entry */
                        }
                        if (n_ent == 0) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Partition not found */
                        fsopt |= 0x80;  /* Partitioning is in GPT */
                } else
#endif
                {       /* Get the partition location from MBR partition table */
                        pte = buf + (MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE);
                        if (ipart > 4 || pte[PTE_System] == 0) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);     /* No partition? */
                        b_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_StLba);              /* Get volume start sector */
                        sz_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba);    /* Get volume size */
                }
        } else {        /* The volume is associated with a physical drive */
                if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_vol) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) {        /* To be partitioned? */
                        /* Create a single-partition on the drive in this function */
#if FF_LBA64
                        if (sz_vol >= FF_MIN_GPT) {     /* Which partition type to create, MBR or GPT? */
                                fsopt |= 0x80;          /* Partitioning is in GPT */
                                b_vol = GPT_ALIGN / ss; sz_vol -= b_vol + GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss + 1; /* Estimated partition offset and size */
                        } else
#endif
                        {       /* Partitioning is in MBR */
                                if (sz_vol > N_SEC_TRACK) {
                                        b_vol = N_SEC_TRACK; sz_vol -= b_vol;   /* Estimated partition offset and size */
                                }
                        }
                }
        }
        if (sz_vol < 128) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);  /* Check if volume size is >=128s */

        /* Now start to create an FAT volume at b_vol and sz_vol */

        do {    /* Pre-determine the FAT type */
                if (FF_FS_EXFAT && (fsopt & FM_EXFAT)) {        /* exFAT possible? */
                        if ((fsopt & FM_ANY) == FM_EXFAT || sz_vol >= 0x4000000 || sz_au > 128) {       /* exFAT only, vol >= 64MS or sz_au > 128S ? */
                                fsty = FS_EXFAT; break;
                        }
                }
#if FF_LBA64
                if (sz_vol >= 0x100000000) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too large volume for FAT/FAT32 */
#endif
                if (sz_au > 128) sz_au = 128;   /* Invalid AU for FAT/FAT32? */
                if (fsopt & FM_FAT32) { /* FAT32 possible? */
                        if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) {        /* no-FAT? */
                                fsty = FS_FAT32; break;
                        }
                }
                if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_INVALID_PARAMETER);        /* no-FAT? */
                fsty = FS_FAT16;
        } while (0);

        vsn = (DWORD)sz_vol + GET_FATTIME();    /* VSN generated from current time and partitiion size */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fsty == FS_EXFAT) { /* Create an exFAT volume */
                DWORD szb_bit, szb_case, sum, nbit, clu, clen[3];
                WCHAR ch, si;
                UINT j, st;

                if (sz_vol < 0x1000) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);       /* Too small volume for exFAT? */
#if FF_USE_TRIM
                lba[0] = b_vol; lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1;    /* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
                disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
                /* Determine FAT location, data location and number of clusters */
                if (sz_au == 0) {       /* AU auto-selection */
                        sz_au = 8;
                        if (sz_vol >= 0x80000) sz_au = 64;              /* >= 512Ks */
                        if (sz_vol >= 0x4000000) sz_au = 256;   /* >= 64Ms */
                }
                b_fat = b_vol + 32;                                                                             /* FAT start at offset 32 */
                sz_fat = (DWORD)((sz_vol / sz_au + 2) * 4 + ss - 1) / ss;       /* Number of FAT sectors */
                b_data = (b_fat + sz_fat + sz_blk - 1) & ~((LBA_t)sz_blk - 1);  /* Align data area to the erase block boundary */
                if (b_data - b_vol >= sz_vol / 2) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);  /* Too small volume? */
                n_clst = (DWORD)((sz_vol - (b_data - b_vol)) / sz_au);  /* Number of clusters */
                if (n_clst <16) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);                    /* Too few clusters? */
                if (n_clst > MAX_EXFAT) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too many clusters? */

                szb_bit = (n_clst + 7) / 8;                                                             /* Size of allocation bitmap */
                clen[0] = (szb_bit + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss);    /* Number of allocation bitmap clusters */

                /* Create a compressed up-case table */
                sect = b_data + sz_au * clen[0];        /* Table start sector */
                sum = 0;                                                        /* Table checksum to be stored in the 82 entry */
                st = 0; si = 0; i = 0; j = 0; szb_case = 0;
                do {
                        switch (st) {
                        case 0:
                                ch = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(si);    /* Get an up-case char */
                                if (ch != si) {
                                        si++; break;            /* Store the up-case char if exist */
                                }
                                for (j = 1; (WCHAR)(si + j) && (WCHAR)(si + j) == ff_wtoupper((WCHAR)(si + j)); j++) ;  /* Get run length of no-case block */
                                if (j >= 128) {
                                        ch = 0xFFFF; st = 2; break;     /* Compress the no-case block if run is >= 128 chars */
                                }
                                st = 1;                 /* Do not compress short run */
                                /* FALLTHROUGH */
                        case 1:
                                ch = si++;              /* Fill the short run */
                                if (--j == 0) st = 0;
                                break;

                        default:
                                ch = (WCHAR)j; si += (WCHAR)j;  /* Number of chars to skip */
                                st = 0;
                        }
                        sum = xsum32(buf[i + 0] = (BYTE)ch, sum);       /* Put it into the write buffer */
                        sum = xsum32(buf[i + 1] = (BYTE)(ch >> 8), sum);
                        i += 2; szb_case += 2;
                        if (si == 0 || i == sz_buf * ss) {              /* Write buffered data when buffer full or end of process */
                                n = (i + ss - 1) / ss;
                                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                                sect += n; i = 0;
                        }
                } while (si);
                clen[1] = (szb_case + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss);   /* Number of up-case table clusters */
                clen[2] = 1;    /* Number of root dir clusters */

                /* Initialize the allocation bitmap */
                sect = b_data; nsect = (szb_bit + ss - 1) / ss; /* Start of bitmap and number of bitmap sectors */
                nbit = clen[0] + clen[1] + clen[2];                             /* Number of clusters in-use by system (bitmap, up-case and root-dir) */
                do {
                        memset(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);                            /* Initialize bitmap buffer */
                        for (i = 0; nbit != 0 && i / 8 < sz_buf * ss; buf[i / 8] |= 1 << (i % 8), i++, nbit--) ;        /* Mark used clusters */
                        n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;          /* Write the buffered data */
                        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                        sect += n; nsect -= n;
                } while (nsect);

                /* Initialize the FAT */
                sect = b_fat; nsect = sz_fat;   /* Start of FAT and number of FAT sectors */
                j = nbit = clu = 0;
                do {
                        memset(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss); i = 0;     /* Clear work area and reset write offset */
                        if (clu == 0) { /* Initialize FAT [0] and FAT[1] */
                                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFF8); i += 4; clu++;
                                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFFF); i += 4; clu++;
                        }
                        do {                    /* Create chains of bitmap, up-case and root dir */
                                while (nbit != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss) {  /* Create a chain */
                                        st_dword(buf + i, (nbit > 1) ? clu + 1 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
                                        i += 4; clu++; nbit--;
                                }
                                if (nbit == 0 && j < 3) nbit = clen[j++];       /* Get next chain length */
                        } while (nbit != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss);
                        n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;  /* Write the buffered data */
                        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                        sect += n; nsect -= n;
                } while (nsect);

                /* Initialize the root directory */
                memset(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
                buf[SZDIRE * 0 + 0] = ET_VLABEL;                                /* Volume label entry (no label) */
                buf[SZDIRE * 1 + 0] = ET_BITMAP;                                /* Bitmap entry */
                st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 20, 2);                             /*  cluster */
                st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 24, szb_bit);               /*  size */
                buf[SZDIRE * 2 + 0] = ET_UPCASE;                                /* Up-case table entry */
                st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 4, sum);                    /*  sum */
                st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 20, 2 + clen[0]);   /*  cluster */
                st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 24, szb_case);              /*  size */
                sect = b_data + sz_au * (clen[0] + clen[1]); nsect = sz_au;     /* Start of the root directory and number of sectors */
                do {    /* Fill root directory sectors */
                        n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
                        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                        memset(buf, 0, ss);     /* Rest of entries are filled with zero */
                        sect += n; nsect -= n;
                } while (nsect);

                /* Create two set of the exFAT VBR blocks */
                sect = b_vol;
                for (n = 0; n < 2; n++) {
                        /* Main record (+0) */
                        memset(buf, 0, ss);
                        memcpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90" "EXFAT   ", 11);        /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
                        st_qword(buf + BPB_VolOfsEx, b_vol);                                    /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
                        st_qword(buf + BPB_TotSecEx, sz_vol);                                   /* Volume size [sector] */
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_FatOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_fat - b_vol));   /* FAT offset [sector] */
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_FatSzEx, sz_fat);                                    /* FAT size [sector] */
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_DataOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_data - b_vol)); /* Data offset [sector] */
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_NumClusEx, n_clst);                                  /* Number of clusters */
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClusEx, 2 + clen[0] + clen[1]);  /* Root dir cluster # */
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_VolIDEx, vsn);                                               /* VSN */
                        st_word(buf + BPB_FSVerEx, 0x100);                                              /* Filesystem version (1.00) */
                        for (buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] = 0, i = ss; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx]++) ;     /* Log2 of sector size [byte] */
                        for (buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx] = 0, i = sz_au; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx]++) ;  /* Log2 of cluster size [sector] */
                        buf[BPB_NumFATsEx] = 1;                                 /* Number of FATs */
                        buf[BPB_DrvNumEx] = 0x80;                               /* Drive number (for int13) */
                        st_word(buf + BS_BootCodeEx, 0xFEEB);   /* Boot code (x86) */
                        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);                 /* Signature (placed here regardless of sector size) */
                        for (i = sum = 0; i < ss; i++) {                /* VBR checksum */
                                if (i != BPB_VolFlagEx && i != BPB_VolFlagEx + 1 && i != BPB_PercInUseEx) sum = xsum32(buf[i], sum);
                        }
                        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                        /* Extended bootstrap record (+1..+8) */
                        memset(buf, 0, ss);
                        st_word(buf + ss - 2, 0xAA55);  /* Signature (placed at end of sector) */
                        for (j = 1; j < 9; j++) {
                                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum)) ;      /* VBR checksum */
                                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }
                        /* OEM/Reserved record (+9..+10) */
                        memset(buf, 0, ss);
                        for ( ; j < 11; j++) {
                                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum)) ;      /* VBR checksum */
                                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }
                        /* Sum record (+11) */
                        for (i = 0; i < ss; i += 4) st_dword(buf + i, sum);             /* Fill with checksum value */
                        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

        } else
#endif  /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
        {       /* Create an FAT/FAT32 volume */
                do {
                        pau = sz_au;
                        /* Pre-determine number of clusters and FAT sub-type */
                        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) { /* FAT32 volume */
                                if (pau == 0) { /* AU auto-selection */
                                        n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x20000;    /* Volume size in unit of 128KS */
                                        for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst32[i] && cst32[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1) ;       /* Get from table */
                                }
                                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;   /* Number of clusters */
                                sz_fat = (n_clst * 4 + 8 + ss - 1) / ss;        /* FAT size [sector] */
                                sz_rsv = 32;    /* Number of reserved sectors */
                                sz_dir = 0;             /* No static directory */
                                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16 || n_clst > MAX_FAT32) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                        } else {                                /* FAT volume */
                                if (pau == 0) { /* au auto-selection */
                                        n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x1000;     /* Volume size in unit of 4KS */
                                        for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst[i] && cst[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1) ;   /* Get from table */
                                }
                                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;
                                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT12) {
                                        n = n_clst * 2 + 4;             /* FAT size [byte] */
                                } else {
                                        fsty = FS_FAT12;
                                        n = (n_clst * 3 + 1) / 2 + 3;   /* FAT size [byte] */
                                }
                                sz_fat = (n + ss - 1) / ss;             /* FAT size [sector] */
                                sz_rsv = 1;                                             /* Number of reserved sectors */
                                sz_dir = (DWORD)n_root * SZDIRE / ss;   /* Root dir size [sector] */
                        }
                        b_fat = b_vol + sz_rsv;                                         /* FAT base */
                        b_data = b_fat + sz_fat * n_fat + sz_dir;       /* Data base */

                        /* Align data area to erase block boundary (for flash memory media) */
                        n = (DWORD)(((b_data + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1)) - b_data);  /* Sectors to next nearest from current data base */
                        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {         /* FAT32: Move FAT */
                                sz_rsv += n; b_fat += n;
                        } else {                                        /* FAT: Expand FAT */
                                if (n % n_fat) {        /* Adjust fractional error if needed */
                                        n--; sz_rsv++; b_fat++;
                                }
                                sz_fat += n / n_fat;
                        }

                        /* Determine number of clusters and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
                        if (sz_vol < b_data + pau * 16 - b_vol) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too small volume? */
                        n_clst = ((DWORD)sz_vol - sz_rsv - sz_fat * n_fat - sz_dir) / pau;
                        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16) {      /* Too few clusters for FAT32? */
                                        if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau / 2) != 0) continue;     /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                                        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                                }
                        }
                        if (fsty == FS_FAT16) {
                                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT16) {       /* Too many clusters for FAT16 */
                                        if (sz_au == 0 && (pau * 2) <= 64) {
                                                sz_au = pau * 2; continue;      /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                                        }
                                        if ((fsopt & FM_FAT32)) {
                                                fsty = FS_FAT32; continue;      /* Switch type to FAT32 and retry */
                                        }
                                        if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128) continue;   /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                                        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                                }
                                if  (n_clst <= MAX_FAT12) {     /* Too few clusters for FAT16 */
                                        if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128) continue;   /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                                        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                                }
                        }
                        if (fsty == FS_FAT12 && n_clst > MAX_FAT12) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);        /* Too many clusters for FAT12 */

                        /* Ok, it is the valid cluster configuration */
                        break;
                } while (1);

#if FF_USE_TRIM
                lba[0] = b_vol; lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1;    /* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
                disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
                /* Create FAT VBR */
                memset(buf, 0, ss);
                memcpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\xFE\x90" "MSDOS5.0", 11);        /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
                st_word(buf + BPB_BytsPerSec, ss);                              /* Sector size [byte] */
                buf[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)pau;                                /* Cluster size [sector] */
                st_word(buf + BPB_RsvdSecCnt, (WORD)sz_rsv);    /* Size of reserved area */
                buf[BPB_NumFATs] = (BYTE)n_fat;                                 /* Number of FATs */
                st_word(buf + BPB_RootEntCnt, (WORD)((fsty == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : n_root)); /* Number of root directory entries */
                if (sz_vol < 0x10000) {
                        st_word(buf + BPB_TotSec16, (WORD)sz_vol);      /* Volume size in 16-bit LBA */
                } else {
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSec32, (DWORD)sz_vol);    /* Volume size in 32-bit LBA */
                }
                buf[BPB_Media] = 0xF8;                                                  /* Media descriptor byte */
                st_word(buf + BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);                               /* Number of sectors per track (for int13) */
                st_word(buf + BPB_NumHeads, 255);                               /* Number of heads (for int13) */
                st_dword(buf + BPB_HiddSec, (DWORD)b_vol);              /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
                if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                        st_dword(buf + BS_VolID32, vsn);                        /* VSN */
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_FATSz32, sz_fat);            /* FAT size [sector] */
                        st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClus32, 2);                      /* Root directory cluster # (2) */
                        st_word(buf + BPB_FSInfo32, 1);                         /* Offset of FSINFO sector (VBR + 1) */
                        st_word(buf + BPB_BkBootSec32, 6);                      /* Offset of backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
                        buf[BS_DrvNum32] = 0x80;                                        /* Drive number (for int13) */
                        buf[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;                                       /* Extended boot signature */
                        memcpy(buf + BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    " "FAT32   ", 19);        /* Volume label, FAT signature */
                } else {
                        st_dword(buf + BS_VolID, vsn);                          /* VSN */
                        st_word(buf + BPB_FATSz16, (WORD)sz_fat);       /* FAT size [sector] */
                        buf[BS_DrvNum] = 0x80;                                          /* Drive number (for int13) */
                        buf[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;                                         /* Extended boot signature */
                        memcpy(buf + BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    " "FAT     ", 19);  /* Volume label, FAT signature */
                }
                st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);                                 /* Signature (offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write it to the VBR sector */

                /* Create FSINFO record if needed */
                if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                        disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 6, 1);            /* Write backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
                        memset(buf, 0, ss);
                        st_dword(buf + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
                        st_dword(buf + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
                        st_dword(buf + FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1);     /* Number of free clusters */
                        st_dword(buf + FSI_Nxt_Free, 2);                        /* Last allocated cluster# */
                        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
                        disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 7, 1);            /* Write backup FSINFO (VBR + 7) */
                        disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 1, 1);            /* Write original FSINFO (VBR + 1) */
                }

                /* Initialize FAT area */
                memset(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
                sect = b_fat;           /* FAT start sector */
                for (i = 0; i < n_fat; i++) {                   /* Initialize FATs each */
                        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                                st_dword(buf + 0, 0xFFFFFFF8);  /* FAT[0] */
                                st_dword(buf + 4, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* FAT[1] */
                                st_dword(buf + 8, 0x0FFFFFFF);  /* FAT[2] (root directory) */
                        } else {
                                st_dword(buf + 0, (fsty == FS_FAT12) ? 0xFFFFF8 : 0xFFFFFFF8);  /* FAT[0] and FAT[1] */
                        }
                        nsect = sz_fat;         /* Number of FAT sectors */
                        do {    /* Fill FAT sectors */
                                n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
                                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                                memset(buf, 0, ss);     /* Rest of FAT all are cleared */
                                sect += n; nsect -= n;
                        } while (nsect);
                }

                /* Initialize root directory (fill with zero) */
                nsect = (fsty == FS_FAT32) ? pau : sz_dir;      /* Number of root directory sectors */
                do {
                        n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
                        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                        sect += n; nsect -= n;
                } while (nsect);
        }

        /* A FAT volume has been created here */

        /* Determine system ID in the MBR partition table */
        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fsty == FS_EXFAT) {
                sys = 0x07;             /* exFAT */
        } else if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                sys = 0x0C;             /* FAT32X */
        } else if (sz_vol >= 0x10000) {
                sys = 0x06;             /* FAT12/16 (large) */
        } else if (fsty == FS_FAT16) {
                sys = 0x04;             /* FAT16 */
        } else {
                sys = 0x01;             /* FAT12 */
        }

        /* Update partition information */
        if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) { /* Volume is in the existing partition */
                if (!FF_LBA64 || !(fsopt & 0x80)) {     /* Is the partition in MBR? */
                        /* Update system ID in the partition table */
                        if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);      /* Read the MBR */
                        buf[MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE + PTE_System] = sys;                       /* Set system ID */
                        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);     /* Write it back to the MBR */
                }
        } else {                                                                /* Volume as a new single partition */
                if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) {                        /* Create partition table if not in SFD format */
                        lba[0] = sz_vol; lba[1] = 0;
                        res = create_partition(pdrv, lba, sys, buf);
                        if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(res);
                }
        }

        if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);

        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_OK);
}




#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create Partition Table on the Physical Drive                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_fdisk (
        BYTE pdrv,                      /* Physical drive number */
        const LBA_t ptbl[],     /* Pointer to the size table for each partitions */
        void* work                      /* Pointer to the working buffer (null: use heap memory) */
)
{
        BYTE *buf = (BYTE*)work;
        DSTATUS stat;
        FRESULT res;


        /* Initialize the physical drive */
        stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
        if (stat & STA_NOINIT) return FR_NOT_READY;
        if (stat & STA_PROTECT) return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;

#if FF_USE_LFN == 3
        if (!buf) buf = ff_memalloc(FF_MAX_SS); /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
#endif
        if (!buf) return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;

        res = create_partition(pdrv, ptbl, 0x07, buf);  /* Create partitions (system ID is temporary setting and determined by f_mkfs) */

        LEAVE_MKFS(res);
}

#endif /* FF_MULTI_PARTITION */
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS */




#if FF_USE_STRFUNC
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && (FF_STRF_ENCODE < 0 || FF_STRF_ENCODE > 3)
#error Wrong FF_STRF_ENCODE setting
#endif
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get a String from the File                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

TCHAR* f_gets (
        TCHAR* buff,    /* Pointer to the buffer to store read string */
        int len,                /* Size of string buffer (items) */
        FIL* fp                 /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
        int nc = 0;
        TCHAR *p = buff;
        BYTE s[4];
        UINT rc;
        DWORD dc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE <= 2
        WCHAR wc;
#endif
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3
        UINT ct;
#endif

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE                        /* With code conversion (Unicode API) */
        /* Make a room for the character and terminator  */
        if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1) len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 1 : 2;
        if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2) len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 3 : 4;
        if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3) len -= 1;
        while (nc < len) {
#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0                         /* Read a character in ANSI/OEM */
                f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);          /* Get a code unit */
                if (rc != 1) break;                     /* EOF? */
                wc = s[0];
                if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {        /* DBC 1st byte? */
                        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);  /* Get 2nd byte */
                        if (rc != 1 || !dbc_2nd(s[0])) continue;        /* Wrong code? */
                        wc = wc << 8 | s[0];
                }
                dc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);  /* Convert ANSI/OEM into Unicode */
                if (dc == 0) continue;          /* Conversion error? */
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1 || FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2        /* Read a character in UTF-16LE/BE */
                f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);          /* Get a code unit */
                if (rc != 2) break;                     /* EOF? */
                dc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];
                if (IsSurrogateL(dc)) continue; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                if (IsSurrogateH(dc)) {         /* High surrogate? */
                        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);  /* Get low surrogate */
                        if (rc != 2) break;             /* EOF? */
                        wc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];
                        if (!IsSurrogateL(wc)) continue;        /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                        dc = ((dc & 0x3FF) + 0x40) << 10 | (wc & 0x3FF);        /* Merge surrogate pair */
                }
#else   /* Read a character in UTF-8 */
                f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);          /* Get a code unit */
                if (rc != 1) break;                     /* EOF? */
                dc = s[0];
                if (dc >= 0x80) {                       /* Multi-byte sequence? */
                        ct = 0;
                        if ((dc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {      /* 2-byte sequence? */
                                dc &= 0x1F; ct = 1;
                        }
                        if ((dc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {      /* 3-byte sequence? */
                                dc &= 0x0F; ct = 2;
                        }
                        if ((dc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {      /* 4-byte sequence? */
                                dc &= 0x07; ct = 3;
                        }
                        if (ct == 0) continue;
                        f_read(fp, s, ct, &rc); /* Get trailing bytes */
                        if (rc != ct) break;
                        rc = 0;
                        do {    /* Merge the byte sequence */
                                if ((s[rc] & 0xC0) != 0x80) break;
                                dc = dc << 6 | (s[rc] & 0x3F);
                        } while (++rc < ct);
                        if (rc != ct || dc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(dc) || dc >= 0x110000) continue;       /* Wrong encoding? */
                }
#endif
                /* A code point is avaialble in dc to be output */

                if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r') continue;        /* Strip \r off if needed */
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 || FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3  /* Output it in UTF-16/32 encoding */
                if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 && dc >= 0x10000) {     /* Out of BMP at UTF-16? */
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xD800 | ((dc >> 10) - 0x40)); nc++;     /* Make and output high surrogate */
                        dc = 0xDC00 | (dc & 0x3FF);             /* Make low surrogate */
                }
                *p++ = (TCHAR)dc; nc++;
                if (dc == '\n') break;  /* End of line? */
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2               /* Output it in UTF-8 encoding */
                if (dc < 0x80) {        /* Single byte? */
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
                        nc++;
                        if (dc == '\n') break;  /* End of line? */
                } else if (dc < 0x800) {        /* 2-byte sequence? */
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (dc >> 6 & 0x1F));
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                        nc += 2;
                } else if (dc < 0x10000) {      /* 3-byte sequence? */
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (dc >> 12 & 0x0F));
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                        nc += 3;
                } else {                                        /* 4-byte sequence */
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (dc >> 18 & 0x07));
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 12 & 0x3F));
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                        *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                        nc += 4;
                }
#endif
        }

#else                   /* Byte-by-byte read without any conversion (ANSI/OEM API) */
        len -= 1;       /* Make a room for the terminator */
        while (nc < len) {
                f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);  /* Get a byte */
                if (rc != 1) break;             /* EOF? */
                dc = s[0];
                if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r') continue;
                *p++ = (TCHAR)dc; nc++;
                if (dc == '\n') break;
        }
#endif

        *p = 0;         /* Terminate the string */
        return nc ? buff : 0;   /* When no data read due to EOF or error, return with error. */
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#include <stdarg.h>
#define SZ_PUTC_BUF     64
#define SZ_NUM_BUF      32

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Character to the File (with sub-functions)                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Output buffer and work area */

typedef struct {
        FIL *fp;                /* Ptr to the writing file */
        int idx, nchr;  /* Write index of buf[] (-1:error), number of encoding units written */
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1
        WCHAR hs;
#elif FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
        BYTE bs[4];
        UINT wi, ct;
#endif
        BYTE buf[SZ_PUTC_BUF];  /* Write buffer */
} putbuff;


/* Buffered file write with code conversion */

static void putc_bfd (putbuff* pb, TCHAR c)
{
        UINT n;
        int i, nc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
        WCHAR hs, wc;
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
        DWORD dc;
        const TCHAR* tp;
#endif
#endif

        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\n') {  /* LF -> CRLF conversion */
                putc_bfd(pb, '\r');
        }

        i = pb->idx;                    /* Write index of pb->buf[] */
        if (i < 0) return;              /* In write error? */
        nc = pb->nchr;                  /* Write unit counter */

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1         /* UTF-16 input */
        if (IsSurrogateH(c)) {  /* Is this a high-surrogate? */
                pb->hs = c; return;     /* Save it for next */
        }
        hs = pb->hs; pb->hs = 0;
        if (hs != 0) {                  /* Is there a leading high-surrogate? */
                if (!IsSurrogateL(c)) hs = 0;   /* Discard high-surrogate if not a surrogate pair */
        } else {
                if (IsSurrogateL(c)) return;    /* Discard stray low-surrogate */
        }
        wc = c;
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2       /* UTF-8 input */
        for (;;) {
                if (pb->ct == 0) {      /* Out of multi-byte sequence? */
                        pb->bs[pb->wi = 0] = (BYTE)c;   /* Save 1st byte */
                        if ((BYTE)c < 0x80) break;                                      /* Single byte code? */
                        if (((BYTE)c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) pb->ct = 1;       /* 2-byte sequence? */
                        if (((BYTE)c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) pb->ct = 2;       /* 3-byte sequence? */
                        if (((BYTE)c & 0xF8) == 0xF0) pb->ct = 3;       /* 4-byte sequence? */
                        return;                                                                         /* Wrong leading byte (discard it) */
                } else {                                /* In the multi-byte sequence */
                        if (((BYTE)c & 0xC0) != 0x80) { /* Broken sequence? */
                                pb->ct = 0; continue;           /* Discard the sequense */
                        }
                        pb->bs[++pb->wi] = (BYTE)c;     /* Save the trailing byte */
                        if (--pb->ct == 0) break;       /* End of the sequence? */
                        return;
                }
        }
        tp = (const TCHAR*)pb->bs;
        dc = tchar2uni(&tp);                    /* UTF-8 ==> UTF-16 */
        if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF) return;   /* Wrong code? */
        hs = (WCHAR)(dc >> 16);
        wc = (WCHAR)dc;
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3       /* UTF-32 input */
        if (IsSurrogate(c) || c >= 0x110000) return;    /* Discard invalid code */
        if (c >= 0x10000) {             /* Out of BMP? */
                hs = (WCHAR)(0xD800 | ((c >> 10) - 0x40));      /* Make high surrogate */
                wc = 0xDC00 | (c & 0x3FF);                                      /* Make low surrogate */
        } else {
                hs = 0;
                wc = (WCHAR)c;
        }
#endif
        /* A code point in UTF-16 is available in hs and wc */

#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1         /* Write a code point in UTF-16LE */
        if (hs != 0) {  /* Surrogate pair? */
                st_word(&pb->buf[i], hs);
                i += 2;
                nc++;
        }
        st_word(&pb->buf[i], wc);
        i += 2;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2       /* Write a code point in UTF-16BE */
        if (hs != 0) {  /* Surrogate pair? */
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(hs >> 8);
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)hs;
                nc++;
        }
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3       /* Write a code point in UTF-8 */
        if (hs != 0) {  /* 4-byte sequence? */
                nc += 3;
                hs = (hs & 0x3FF) + 0x40;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xF0 | hs >> 8);
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs >> 2 & 0x3F));
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs & 3) << 4 | (wc >> 6 & 0x0F));
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
        } else {
                if (wc < 0x80) {        /* Single byte? */
                        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
                } else {
                        if (wc < 0x800) {       /* 2-byte sequence? */
                                nc += 1;
                                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xC0 | wc >> 6);
                        } else {                        /* 3-byte sequence */
                                nc += 2;
                                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xE0 | wc >> 12);
                                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                        }
                        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
                }
        }
#else                                           /* Write a code point in ANSI/OEM */
        if (hs != 0) return;
        wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);  /* UTF-16 ==> ANSI/OEM */
        if (wc == 0) return;
        if (wc >= 0x100) {
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8); nc++;
        }
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#endif

#else                                                   /* ANSI/OEM input (without re-encoding) */
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif

        if (i >= (int)(sizeof pb->buf) - 4) {   /* Write buffered characters to the file */
                f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)i, &n);
                i = (n == (UINT)i) ? 0 : -1;
        }
        pb->idx = i;
        pb->nchr = nc + 1;
}


/* Flush remaining characters in the buffer */

static int putc_flush (putbuff* pb)
{
        UINT nw;

        if (   pb->idx >= 0     /* Flush buffered characters to the file */
                && f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)pb->idx, &nw) == FR_OK
                && (UINT)pb->idx == nw) return pb->nchr;
        return -1;
}


/* Initialize write buffer */

static void putc_init (putbuff* pb, FIL* fp)
{
        memset(pb, 0, sizeof (putbuff));
        pb->fp = fp;
}



int f_putc (
        TCHAR c,        /* A character to be output */
        FIL* fp         /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
        putbuff pb;


        putc_init(&pb, fp);
        putc_bfd(&pb, c);       /* Put the character */
        return putc_flush(&pb);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a String to the File                                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int f_puts (
        const TCHAR* str,       /* Pointer to the string to be output */
        FIL* fp                         /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
        putbuff pb;


        putc_init(&pb, fp);
        while (*str) putc_bfd(&pb, *str++);             /* Put the string */
        return putc_flush(&pb);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Formatted String to the File (with sub-functions)               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if FF_PRINT_FLOAT && FF_INTDEF == 2
#include <math.h>

static int ilog10 (double n)    /* Calculate log10(n) in integer output */
{
        int rv = 0;

        while (n >= 10) {       /* Decimate digit in right shift */
                if (n >= 100000) {
                        n /= 100000; rv += 5;
                } else {
                        n /= 10; rv++;
                }
        }
        while (n < 1) {         /* Decimate digit in left shift */
                if (n < 0.00001) {
                        n *= 100000; rv -= 5;
                } else {
                        n *= 10; rv--;
                }
        }
        return rv;
}


static double i10x (int n)      /* Calculate 10^n in integer input */
{
        double rv = 1;

        while (n > 0) {         /* Left shift */
                if (n >= 5) {
                        rv *= 100000; n -= 5;
                } else {
                        rv *= 10; n--;
                }
        }
        while (n < 0) {         /* Right shift */
                if (n <= -5) {
                        rv /= 100000; n += 5;
                } else {
                        rv /= 10; n++;
                }
        }
        return rv;
}


static void ftoa (
        char* buf,      /* Buffer to output the floating point string */
        double val,     /* Value to output */
        int prec,       /* Number of fractional digits */
        TCHAR fmt       /* Notation */
)
{
        int d;
        int e = 0, m = 0;
        char sign = 0;
        double w;
        const char *er = 0;
        const char ds = FF_PRINT_FLOAT == 2 ? ',' : '.';


        if (isnan(val)) {                       /* Not a number? */
                er = "NaN";
        } else {
                if (prec < 0) prec = 6; /* Default precision? (6 fractional digits) */
                if (val < 0) {                  /* Negative? */
                        val = 0 - val; sign = '-';
                } else {
                        sign = '+';
                }
                if (isinf(val)) {               /* Infinite? */
                        er = "INF";
                } else {
                        if (fmt == 'f') {       /* Decimal notation? */
                                val += i10x(0 - prec) / 2;      /* Round (nearest) */
                                m = ilog10(val);
                                if (m < 0) m = 0;
                                if (m + prec + 3 >= SZ_NUM_BUF) er = "OV";      /* Buffer overflow? */
                        } else {                        /* E notation */
                                if (val != 0) {         /* Not a true zero? */
                                        val += i10x(ilog10(val) - prec) / 2;    /* Round (nearest) */
                                        e = ilog10(val);
                                        if (e > 99 || prec + 7 >= SZ_NUM_BUF) { /* Buffer overflow or E > +99? */
                                                er = "OV";
                                        } else {
                                                if (e < -99) e = -99;
                                                val /= i10x(e); /* Normalize */
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (!er) {      /* Not error condition */
                        if (sign == '-') *buf++ = sign; /* Add a - if negative value */
                        do {                            /* Put decimal number */
                                if (m == -1) *buf++ = ds;       /* Insert a decimal separator when get into fractional part */
                                w = i10x(m);                            /* Snip the highest digit d */
                                d = (int)(val / w); val -= d * w;
                                *buf++ = (char)('0' + d);       /* Put the digit */
                        } while (--m >= -prec);                 /* Output all digits specified by prec */
                        if (fmt != 'f') {       /* Put exponent if needed */
                                *buf++ = (char)fmt;
                                if (e < 0) {
                                        e = 0 - e; *buf++ = '-';
                                } else {
                                        *buf++ = '+';
                                }
                                *buf++ = (char)('0' + e / 10);
                                *buf++ = (char)('0' + e % 10);
                        }
                }
        }
        if (er) {       /* Error condition */
                if (sign) *buf++ = sign;                /* Add sign if needed */
                do {            /* Put error symbol */
                        *buf++ = *er++;
                } while (*er);
        }
        *buf = 0;       /* Term */
}
#endif  /* FF_PRINT_FLOAT && FF_INTDEF == 2 */



int f_printf (
        FIL* fp,                        /* Pointer to the file object */
        const TCHAR* fmt,       /* Pointer to the format string */
        ...                                     /* Optional arguments... */
)
{
        va_list arp;
        putbuff pb;
        UINT i, j, w, f, r;
        int prec;
#if FF_PRINT_LLI && FF_INTDEF == 2
        QWORD v;
#else
        DWORD v;
#endif
        TCHAR *tp;
        TCHAR tc, pad;
        TCHAR nul = 0;
        char d, str[SZ_NUM_BUF];


        putc_init(&pb, fp);

        va_start(arp, fmt);

        for (;;) {
                tc = *fmt++;
                if (tc == 0) break;                     /* End of format string */
                if (tc != '%') {                        /* Not an escape character (pass-through) */
                        putc_bfd(&pb, tc);
                        continue;
                }
                f = w = 0; pad = ' '; prec = -1;        /* Initialize parms */
                tc = *fmt++;
                if (tc == '0') {                        /* Flag: '0' padded */
                        pad = '0'; tc = *fmt++;
                } else if (tc == '-') {         /* Flag: Left aligned */
                        f = 2; tc = *fmt++;
                }
                if (tc == '*') {                        /* Minimum width from an argument */
                        w = va_arg(arp, int);
                        tc = *fmt++;
                } else {
                        while (IsDigit(tc)) {   /* Minimum width */
                                w = w * 10 + tc - '0';
                                tc = *fmt++;
                        }
                }
                if (tc == '.') {                        /* Precision */
                        tc = *fmt++;
                        if (tc == '*') {                /* Precision from an argument */
                                prec = va_arg(arp, int);
                                tc = *fmt++;
                        } else {
                                prec = 0;
                                while (IsDigit(tc)) {   /* Precision */
                                        prec = prec * 10 + tc - '0';
                                        tc = *fmt++;
                                }
                        }
                }
                if (tc == 'l') {                        /* Size: long int */
                        f |= 4; tc = *fmt++;
#if FF_PRINT_LLI && FF_INTDEF == 2
                        if (tc == 'l') {                /* Size: long long int */
                                f |= 8; tc = *fmt++;
                        }
#endif
                }
                if (tc == 0) break;                     /* End of format string */
                switch (tc) {                           /* Atgument type is... */
                case 'b':                                       /* Unsigned binary */
                        r = 2; break;

                case 'o':                                       /* Unsigned octal */
                        r = 8; break;

                case 'd':                                       /* Signed decimal */
                case 'u':                                       /* Unsigned decimal */
                        r = 10; break;

                case 'x':                                       /* Unsigned hexadecimal (lower case) */
                case 'X':                                       /* Unsigned hexadecimal (upper case) */
                        r = 16; break;

                case 'c':                                       /* Character */
                        putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)va_arg(arp, int));
                        continue;

                case 's':                                       /* String */
                        tp = va_arg(arp, TCHAR*);       /* Get a pointer argument */
                        if (!tp) tp = &nul;             /* Null ptr generates a null string */
                        for (j = 0; tp[j]; j++) ;       /* j = tcslen(tp) */
                        if (prec >= 0 && j > (UINT)prec) j = prec;      /* Limited length of string body */
                        for ( ; !(f & 2) && j < w; j++) putc_bfd(&pb, pad);     /* Left pads */
                        while (*tp && prec--) putc_bfd(&pb, *tp++);     /* Body */
                        while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');                     /* Right pads */
                        continue;
#if FF_PRINT_FLOAT && FF_INTDEF == 2
                case 'f':                                       /* Floating point (decimal) */
                case 'e':                                       /* Floating point (e) */
                case 'E':                                       /* Floating point (E) */
                        ftoa(str, va_arg(arp, double), prec, tc);       /* Make a floating point string */
                        for (j = strlen(str); !(f & 2) && j < w; j++) putc_bfd(&pb, pad);       /* Left pads */
                        for (i = 0; str[i]; putc_bfd(&pb, str[i++])) ;  /* Body */
                        while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');     /* Right pads */
                        continue;
#endif
                default:                                        /* Unknown type (pass-through) */
                        putc_bfd(&pb, tc); continue;
                }

                /* Get an integer argument and put it in numeral */
#if FF_PRINT_LLI && FF_INTDEF == 2
                if (f & 8) {            /* long long argument? */
                        v = (QWORD)va_arg(arp, long long);
                } else if (f & 4) {     /* long argument? */
                        v = (tc == 'd') ? (QWORD)(long long)va_arg(arp, long) : (QWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned long);
                } else {                        /* int/short/char argument */
                        v = (tc == 'd') ? (QWORD)(long long)va_arg(arp, int) : (QWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int);
                }
                if (tc == 'd' && (v & 0x8000000000000000)) {    /* Negative value? */
                        v = 0 - v; f |= 1;
                }
#else
                if (f & 4) {    /* long argument? */
                        v = (DWORD)va_arg(arp, long);
                } else {                /* int/short/char argument */
                        v = (tc == 'd') ? (DWORD)(long)va_arg(arp, int) : (DWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int);
                }
                if (tc == 'd' && (v & 0x80000000)) {    /* Negative value? */
                        v = 0 - v; f |= 1;
                }
#endif
                i = 0;
                do {    /* Make an integer number string */
                        d = (char)(v % r); v /= r;
                        if (d > 9) d += (tc == 'x') ? 0x27 : 0x07;
                        str[i++] = d + '0';
                } while (v && i < SZ_NUM_BUF);
                if (f & 1) str[i++] = '-';      /* Sign */
                /* Write it */
                for (j = i; !(f & 2) && j < w; j++) {   /* Left pads */
                        putc_bfd(&pb, pad);
                }
                do {                            /* Body */
                        putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)str[--i]);
                } while (i);
                while (j++ < w) {       /* Right pads */
                        putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');
                }
        }

        va_end(arp);

        return putc_flush(&pb);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_STRFUNC */



#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Active Codepage for the Path Name                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setcp (
        WORD cp         /* Value to be set as active code page */
)
{
        static const WORD       validcp[22] = {  437,   720,   737,   771,   775,   850,   852,   855,   857,   860,   861,   862,   863,   864,   865,   866,   869,   932,   936,   949,   950, 0};
        static const BYTE *const tables[22] = {Ct437, Ct720, Ct737, Ct771, Ct775, Ct850, Ct852, Ct855, Ct857, Ct860, Ct861, Ct862, Ct863, Ct864, Ct865, Ct866, Ct869, Dc932, Dc936, Dc949, Dc950, 0};
        UINT i;


        for (i = 0; validcp[i] != 0 && validcp[i] != cp; i++) ; /* Find the code page */
        if (validcp[i] != cp) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;              /* Not found? */

        CodePage = cp;
        if (cp >= 900) {        /* DBCS */
                ExCvt = 0;
                DbcTbl = tables[i];
        } else {                        /* SBCS */
                ExCvt = tables[i];
                DbcTbl = 0;
        }
        return FR_OK;
}
#endif  /* FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 */